Table 1.
Participant demography and lung function data
| Cohort A1,2 | Cohort B3 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Groups | HC | ACO | Asthma | COPD-ES | COPD-CS | NLFS | HC | COPD- ES | COPD-CS | NLFS |
| Subjects | 14 | 12 | 14 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 25 | 14 | 13 | 20 |
| Age (years) |
66 (20–76) |
70 (52–77) |
62 (26–81) |
67 (46–78) |
65.5 (51–78) |
56.5 (41–72) |
44 (20–68) |
62 (53–69) |
61 (46–78) |
50 (30–66) |
| Smoking History (pack-year) | 0 |
22.5 (15–103) |
0 |
36 (22–105) |
34.8 (10–114) |
31.5 (20–75) |
0 |
51 (18–150) |
45 (18–78) |
32 (10–57) |
| ICS treatment (n) | N/A | 7 | 6 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| ICS dose | N/A |
800 mcg/day |
750 mcg/day | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
|
GINA Diagnosis Mild persistent/ Moderate/Severe (n) |
0/0/4 | 5/1/8 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | ||||
| Gold Diagnosis Stage I &II/Stage III (n) | 7/1 | N/A | 10/0 | 12/0 | N/A | N/Av | ||||
| %FEV1 |
90 (78–114) |
58 (35–96) |
81.5 (48–108) |
84.5 (54–113) |
69 (49–92) |
94 (79–113) |
113 (86–140) |
83 (54–104) |
83 (66–102) |
99 (78–125) |
| %FEV1/FVC |
80 (71–84) |
65.5 (31–84) |
74 (52–90) |
63.2 (55–69) |
63.6 (50–75.3) |
78 (70–85) |
82 (71–88) |
57 (38–68) |
59 ± 7.6 |
80.6 (77–86) |
| BDR (mL) | – |
201 (200–800) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BDR% | – |
19 (12–38) |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Atopy (n) | 3 | 7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |
| BAL macrophages (%) | – |
27.5 (4.3–68.5) |
27.9 (2.5–76.3) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BAL eosinophils (%) | – | 3.8 (71.8–0) | 1.9 (0–42.7) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BAL neutrophils (%) | – | 40.6 (13–92.5) | 41.6 (6.7–93.5) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Data expressed as median and range
ACO= asthma-COPD overlap, BDR= bronchodilator reversibility, COPD= chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD-CS= COPD current smokers, COPD-ES= COPD ex-smokers, FEV1= forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC= forced vital capacity, GINA= The Global Initiative for Asthma, GOLD= The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease, HC= healthy control, n= number of subjects/patients, N/A= not applicable, N/Av= not available, NLFS= normal lung function smokers, ICS= inhaled corticosteroids
1All groups of Cohort A were used for comparing mast cells and eosinophils
2The ANOVA results of age comparison between groups were not statistically significant. ANOVA results of %FEV1/FVC between groups showed significant P values between HC and all pathological groups, and between NLFS and all pathological groups
3All groups from Cohort B, and ACO and asthma groups of Cohort A were used for comparison of macrophage, neutrophils, CD8+ T-cells and CD4+ T-cells