Table 3.
Effect size estimates by group (Yoga vs. CBT) and follow-up time period for primary outcome measures
| Treatment | Follow-up | Pain Severity Mean |
Pain Severity Cohen’s d |
Pain Interference Mean |
Pain Interference Cohen’s d |
Pain Total Mean |
Pain Total Cohen’s d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yoga | EOT |
4.67 ±2.44 (n = 32) |
0.26 |
3.65 ±2.17 (n = 31) |
0.50 |
4.00 ±2.08 (n = 31) |
0.47 |
| 2m FU |
5.19 ±1.89 (n = 24) |
0.04 |
4.65 ±2.47 (n = 23) |
0.36 |
4.84 ±2.19 (n = 23) |
0.25 | |
| 4m FU |
4.70 ±2.34 (n = 23) |
0.27 |
4.37 ±2.44 (n = 23) |
-0.00 |
4.47 ±2.24 (n = 23) |
0.06 | |
| 6m FU |
4.91 ±1.93 (n = 29) |
0.18 |
4.60 ±2.49 (n = 27) |
-0.20 |
4.70 ±2.17 (n = 27) |
-0.11 | |
| CBT | EOT |
5.20 ±2.60 (n = 19) |
0.26 |
4.65 ±2.60 (n = 16) |
0.50 |
4.95 ±2.35 (n = 16) |
0.47 |
| 2m FU |
5.27 ±2.43 (n = 15) |
0.04 |
5.36 ±3.15 (n = 15) |
0.36 |
5.33 ±2.87 (n = 15) |
0.25 | |
| 4m FU |
5.23 ±2.55 (n = 15) |
0.27 |
4.37 ±2.78 (n = 14) |
-0.00 |
4.59 ±2.68 (n = 14) |
0.06 | |
| 6m FU |
5.26 ±2.67 (n = 18) |
0.18 |
4.20 ±2.71 (n = 17) |
-0.20 |
4.48 ±2.64 (n = 17) |
-0.11 |
Note: EOT End-of-Treatment; m month; FU Follow-up time point; Cohen’s d estimated as the difference in treatment means at each follow-up time point divided by square root of the sum of variances of random effects