Extended Data Fig. 2. Word lattice and lattice parsing in natural language processing, and correspondence between linguistics and biology.

a, An example of word lattice (sentence DFA) for speech recognition. b, Simplified language grammar. c, Single sentence parsing with between-word indices, which is a special case of word lattice parsing. d, Illustration of word lattice parsing for speech recognition with given word lattice and language grammar; the dashed blue arcs above the DFA depict the best parsing structure for the optimal sentence “I like this meal”, while the dashed light-blue arcs below the DFA represent the best parsing structure for a non-optimal sentence “alike this veal”. e, Correspondence between computational linguistics (left) and computational biology (right). See also Fig. 1.