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. 2023 Sep 13;13:15153. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-42475-6

Table 2.

Toxicity evaluation using Ecological Structure Activity Relationship programme (ECOSAR™) for rhamonolipid biosurfactant (F fish, D daphnid, A green algae).

Biosurfactant [CAS number] Chemical structure and molecular formula Molecular weight [g/Mol] ECOSAR™ acute toxicity (mg/L) Classification according to United Nations83
l-rhamnosyl-3-hydroxydecanoyl-3-hydroxydecanoic acid [37134-61-5] graphic file with name 41598_2023_42475_Figa_HTML.gif 504.7 F (96 h LC50): 4.05 mg/L F: Toxic
D (46 h LC50): 3.13 mg/L D: Toxic
A (96 h EC50): 8.39 mg/L A: Toxic