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. 2023 Sep 13;14:5669. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41434-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Clinicopathological feature proportions and associated odds ratios (p-values: two-sided Fisher’s Exact test; error bars: 95% confidence interval estimates) derived from the comparison between meningioma serum samples predicted to present high or low recurrence risks. Reference column depicts the mean proportion of each feature across the whole cohort. SB Skull-base, NSB Non-Skull Base, Y Yes, N No, GTR Gross Total Resection, STR Subtotal Resection, PD Progressive Disease, SD Stable Disease, NED Non-Enhancing Disease, CR Confirmed Recurrence, CNR Confirmed No Recurrence; Bolded features are those with observed statistical significance. b Immune cell proportions and associated mean differences derived from the comparison between meningioma serum samples predicted to present high or low recurrence risks (error bars: mean difference 95% confidence interval; p-values: two-sided t-test). Reference column depicts the mean proportion across the whole cohort. NLR Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio. Bolded features are those with observed statistical significance. c Schematic summarization of observed clinicopathological and molecular features across samples (LB-serum and/or tissue) from patients with meningiomas predicted to present high or low risk of recurrence through p-MeLB. LB liquid biopsy, RFS Recurrence Free Survival, RR Recurrence Risk, MNG C Bayley Meningioma C group, CNV copy number variation, RR recurrence risk, PRC Polycomb Repressive Complex. d Schematic representation—clinical application of liquid biopsy DNA methylation-based diagnostic and prognostic classifiers in patients suspected to present meningioma. MeLB Meningioma epigenetic Liquid Biopsy, cfDNA cell-free DNA, d-MeLB and p-MeLB diagnostic- and prognostic- Meningioma Epigenetic Liquid Biopsy, respectively, MRI magnetic resonance imaging.