TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants to doxophylline group and non‐doxophylline group.
| Parameters |
Non‐doxophylline group (n = 87) |
Doxophylline group (n = 68) |
Total | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (n, %) | 0.881 | |||
| Male | 45 (51.7%) | 36 (52.9%) | 81 (52.3%) | |
| Female | 42 (48.3%) | 32 (47.1%) | 74 (47.7%) | |
| Age (year) b | 72.5 ± 9.3 | 69.5 ± 10.3 | 71.2 ± 10.1 | 0.073 |
| BMI (kg/m2) b | 22.5 | 22.8 | 22.6 | 0.215 |
| Smoking (n, %) | 45 (51.7%) | 42 (61.8%) | 87 (56.1%) | 0.211 |
| Age of smoking | 28.0 | 26.5 | 27.0 | 0.895 |
| Smoking index b | 700.0 | 600.0 | 600.0 | 0.149 |
| Length of diagnosis b | 8.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 0.899 |
| Exacerbations in last 1 year | 0.8 ± 0.7 | 0.8 ± 1.7 | 0.8 ± 1.2 | 0.887 |
| Comorbidities (n, %) | ||||
| Hypertension/coronary heart disease | 62 (71.3%) | 46 (67.6%) | 108 (69.7%) | 0.627 |
| Cor pulmonale | 6 (6.9%) | 5 (7.4%) | 11 (7.1%) | 0.913 |
| Digestive system diseases | 10 (11.5%) | 8 (11.8%) | 18 (11.6%) | 0.958 |
| Diabetes | 15 (17.2%) | 11 (16.2%) | 26 (16.8%) | 0.860 |
| Cerebrovascular diseases | 9 (10.3%) | 6 (8.8%) | 15 (9.7%) | 0.751 |
| GOLD stage (n, %) | ||||
| Level 1 | 2 (2.3%) | 2 (2.9%) | 4 (2.6%) | |
| Level 2 | 23 (26.4%) | 14 (20.6%) | 37 (23.9%) | 0.371 |
| Level 3 | 41 (47.1%) | 27 (39.1%) | 68 (43.9%) | |
| Level 4 | 21 (24.1%) | 25 (36.8%) | 46 (29.7%) | |
| FEV1% predicted b | 41.0 | 36.0 | 38.0 | 0.091 |
| MEF% b | 29.0 | 27.0 | 27.0 | 0.075 |
| mMRC dyspnea score (n, %) | ||||
| 1: Breathless hurrying | 2 (2.3%) | 2 (2.9%) | 4 (2.6%) | 0.627 |
| 2: Slower than contemporaries | 19 (21.8%) | 15 (22.1%) | 34 (21.9%) | |
| 3: Stop after 100 m | 44 (50.6%) | 28 (41.2%) | 72 (46.5%) | |
| 4: Breathless leaving house | 22 (25.3%) | 23 (33.8%) | 45 (29.0%) | |
| COPD assessment test scole (CAT) | 22.5 ± 2.8 | 22.7 ± 2.6 | 22.6 ± 2.7 | 0.615 |
| GOLD treatment (n, %) | ||||
| LAMA only | 16 (18.4%) | 14 (20.6%) | 30 (19.4%) | 0.114 |
| LAMA + ICS | 38 (43.7%) | 32 (47.1%) | 70 (45.2%) | 0.089 |
| LABA + ICS | 13 (14.9%) | 8 (11.8%) | 21 (13.5%) | 0.916 |
| LAMA + LABA + ICS | 20 (23.0%) | 14 (20.6%) | 34 (21.9%) | 0.181 |
| Leukocyte a (10^9/L) | 8.6 ± 3.8 | 8.4 ± 3.2 | 8.5 ± 3.5 | 0.984 |
| Neutrophil percentage b (%) | 69.7 | 67.7 | 68.5 | 0.580 |
| Lymphocyte percentage b (%) | 20.2 | 20.5 | 20.2 | 0.892 |
| Eosinophil percentage b (%) | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0.445 |
| Clinical phenotypes (n, %) | 0.346 | |||
| Neutrophilic | 43 (49.4%) | 33 (48.5%) | 76 (49.0%) | |
| Eosinophilic | 12 (13.8%) | 15 (22.1%) | 27 (17.4%) | |
| Mixed granulocytic | 32 (36.8%) | 20 (29.4%) | 52 (33.5%) | |
| Combined with rheumatological conditions (n, %) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | >0.999 |
| Mandated use of corticosteroids or recently corticosteroids used | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | >0.999 |
Note: Counting data are expressed in frequency and percentage (n, %).
a
Mean ± SD.
b
Median (interquartile range).