Table 2.
The results of semen characteristics before and after treatment
| Semen characteristics | Before treatment n (%) |
After treatment n (%) |
p value1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Semen analysis | |||
| Abnormal | 60 (84.5) | 52 (73.2) | 0.100 |
| Normal | 11 (15.5) | 19 (26.8) | |
| Total number (106) | 72.1 (58.2 – 85.3) | 95.5 (76.8 – 112.0) | 0.012** |
| Volume (mL) | 2.4 (2.14 – 2.62) | 2.6 (2.38 – 2.89) | 0.133** |
| < 1.5 | 13 (18.3) | 5 (7.0) | 0.044 |
| ≥ 1.5 | 58 (81.7) | 66 (93.0) | |
| Concentration (106/mL) | 29.7 (25.8 – 33.5) | 35.7 (30.9 – 39.8) | < 0.001* |
| < 15 | 11 (15.5) | 8 (11.3) | 0.460 |
| ≥ 15 | 60 (84.5) | 63 (88.7) | |
| Motility (%) | 27.5 (24.4 – 30.2) | 27.7 (24.9 – 30.4) | 0.990* |
| < 32 | 24 (33.8) | 29 (40.8) | 0.386 |
| ≥ 32 | 47 (66.2) | 42 (59.2) | |
| Vitality (%) | 75.5 (71.1 – 79.5) | 81.1 (77.5 – 84.6) | < 0.001** |
| < 58 | 5 (7.0) | 3 (4.2) | 0.467 |
| ≥ 58 | 66 (93.0) | 68 (95.8) | |
| Normal morphology (%) | 3.2 (2.7 – 3.7) | 3.4 (3.0 – 3.8) | 0.089** |
| < 4 | 47 (66.2) | 37 (52.1) | 0.088 |
| ≥ 4 | 24 (33.8) | 34 (47.9) | |
| Sperm DNA fragmentation | |||
| Big halo | 81.8 (63.5 – 99.4) | 118.1 (93.4 – 145.5) | 0.049** |
| Medium halo | 190.1 (168.8 – 210.3) | 205.3 (181.9 – 223.4) | 0.320* |
| Small halo | 93.3 (80.4 – 107.4) | 81.9 (71.5 – 93.5) | 0.449** |
| Without halo | 86.7 (73.2 – 101.6) | 59.4 (46.4 – 73.2) | 0.002** |
| Degraded sperm | 48.4 (38.2 – 57.4) | 30.3 (24.9 – 35.7) | < 0.001** |
| DFI % | 45.6 (41.6 – 50.0) | 34.8 (30.0 – 40.0) | < 0.001** |
1Data are presented as mean (95% Confidence interval) or number (%)
*Paired—Sample T test (normally distributed variable)
**Wilcoxon matched—paired signed rank test (non—normally distributed variable)