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. 2023 Sep 14;23:425. doi: 10.1186/s12870-023-04433-2

Table 2.

Phylogenetic signals of quantitative and qualitative traits estimated by Pagel’s lambda and Blomberg’s k. Significant effects at p < 0.05 are presented in bold

Quantitative traits
(Log-transformed)
Pagel’s lambda Blomberg’s k
λ p-value k p-value
Pollen number 0.95 < 0.001 0.61 < 0.001
Ovule number 0.93 < 0.001 0.48 < 0.001
P/O 0.95 < 0.001 0.60 < 0.001
Display area 0.62 < 0.001 0.31 < 0.001
Tube depth 1.01 < 0.001 1.05 < 0.001
Stamen height 0.74 < 0.001 0.39 < 0.001
Stigma height 0.88 < 0.001 0.61 < 0.001
Stigma stamen separation 0.31 0.01 0.26 0.03
Flower number 0.38 < 0.001 0.22 < 0.05
Inflorescence height 0.05 0.67 0.17 0.05
Qualitative traits log-likelihood AIC λ p -value
Flower shape -33.42 70.84 0.09 < 0.05
Flower cluster -22.10 48.20 1.00 < 0.05
Flower symmetry -29.14 62.27 0.89 < 0.05
Pollen presentation -31.83 67.66 0.96 < 0.05