Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the training and internal validation sets
| Variables | Total (N = 6219) |
Training set (N = 4353) |
Internal validation set (N = 1866) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 56.00(49.00,66.00) | 56.00(49.00,67.00) | 56.00(49.00,66.00) | 0.631 |
| Sex | 4491(72.21) | 3165(72.71) | 1326(71.06) | 0.194 |
| Hypertension | 712(11.45) | 497(11.42) | 215(11.52) | 0.940 |
| Diabetes | 1011(16.26) | 722(16.59) | 289(15.49) | 0.299 |
| Smoking | 2901(46.65) | 2057(47.25) | 844(45.23) | 0.150 |
| Drinking | 2844(45.73) | 1997(45.88) | 847(45.39) | 0.746 |
| Primary liver cancer | 670(10.77) | 474(10.89) | 196(10.50) | 0.686 |
| Family history of liver disease | 1377(22.14) | 944(21.69) | 433(23.20) | 0.198 |
| HBV | 4028(64.77) | 2798(64.28) | 1230(65.92) | 0.226 |
| HCV | 252(4.05) | 184(4.23) | 68(3.64) | 0.318 |
| Alcoholic | 883(14.20) | 614(14.11) | 269(14.42) | 0.778 |
| Autoimmunity | 480(7.72) | 339(7.79) | 141(7.56) | 0.794 |
| GIB | 1128(18.14) | 798(18.33) | 330(17.68) | 0.568 |
| Ascites | 240(3.86) | 164(3.77) | 76(4.07) | 0.616 |
| HE | 375(6.03) | 266(6.11) | 109(5.84) | 0.726 |
| HF | 863(13.88) | 623(14.31) | 240(12.86) | 0.140 |
| TP (IQR, g/L) | 64.70(58.60,71.60) | 64.70(58.60,71.70) | 65.00(58.70,71.30) | 0.651 |
| TB (IQR, umol/L) | 29.60(17.40,71.70) | 29.60(17.30,71.80) | 29.90(17.80,71.45) | 0.993 |
| Hemoglobin (IQR, g/L) | 108.00(85.00,127.00) | 108.00(84.00,127.00) | 109.00(86.00,127.00) | 0.505 |
| Na (IQR, mmol/L) | 139.30(136.20,141.70) | 139.30(136.20,141.70) | 139.20(136.20,141.60) | 0.404 |
| K (IQR, mmol/L) | 3.87(3.56,4.19) | 3.87(3.55,4.19) | 3.85(3.57,4.18) | 0.741 |
| ALB (IQR, g/L) | 31.20(27.20,35.40) | 31.20(27.30,35.40) | 31.20(27.10,35.40) | 0.500 |
| PTA (IQR, %) | 64.00(49.00,78.00) | 63.60(49.00,78.00) | 64.00(49.00,79.00) | 0.329 |
| BUN (IQR, mmol/L) | 5.40(4.12,7.39) | 5.40(4.11,7.36) | 5.41(4.16,7.41) | 0.982 |
| Cr (IQR, umol/L) | 67.00(56.00,81.70) | 67.20(56.10,81.70) | 66.70(56.00,81.80) | 0.763 |
| RBC count (IQR, ×109/L) | 3.52(2.89,4.12) | 3.51(2.88,4.11) | 3.53(2.92,4.15) | 0.267 |
| WBC count (IQR, ×109/L) | 4.30(3.00,6.34) | 4.32(2.99,6.35) | 4.29(3.03,6.27) | 0.876 |
| NLR (IQR) | 3.40(2.08,5.80) | 3.37(2.08,5.82) | 3.44(2.07,5.76) | 0.916 |
HBV: hepatitis B virus; HCV: hepatitis C virus; GIB: gastrointestinal bleeding; HE: hepatic encephalopathy; HF: hepatic failure; TP: total protein; TB: total bilirubin; Na: blood sodium; K: blood potassium; ALB: albumin; PTA: prothrombin activity; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; Cr: creatinine; RBC: Red blood cell; WBC: white blood cell; NLR: neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio; IQR: interquartile range