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. 2023 Aug 31;14:1181775. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1181775

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Identification of differentially expressed genes and genes common in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD). (A–C) Volcano plots displaying the distribution of upregulated and downregulated genes when comparing gene expression between tumor and control tissues in selected datasets GSE138206 for HNSCC (A), GSE15471 for PDAC (B), and GSE54129 for STAD (C). All datasets are shown in Supplementary Figure S14. The X-axis indicates the log2FC and the Y-axis the −log10 (adj. p-value). Each dot represents a gene. Red depicts upregulated genes with log2FC > 1 and adj. p-value <0.05; blue depicts downregulated genes with a log2FC < −1 and adj. p-value <0.05. Black depicts genes that were either not significant or where the fold change was below the threshold. (D–F) Venn diagrams of DEGs in the indicated datasets showing the intersection between different datasets from the same cancer type. Each dataset has a distinct color and is labeled with the dataset identification number for HNSCC (D), PDAC (E), and STAD (F). (G) Intersection analysis of DEGs between HNSCC, PDAC, and STAD. DEGs common in at least three datasets for the same cancer were intersected between each cancer examined. Significantly downregulated and upregulated DEGs are delineated with blue and red, respectively. Genes that are either down and upregulated depending on the cancer type are depicted in yellow. The number of genes in each dataset is indicated. (H) List of the 18 DEGs common in at least three datasets in each cancer. (I–K) Gene Ontology analysis of DEGs common in at least three different datasets for the same cancer. Enriched terms for the top 10 biological processes ranked by their count and gene ratio are presented for HNSCC (I), PDAC (J), and STAD (K). Abbreviations: DEG, differentially expressed gene; HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; STAD, stomach adenocarcinoma; s. p, signaling pathway; TGF-B, transforming growth factor beta adj. p-value, adjusted p-value.