Table 2.
Summary of the effects of structural equation modeling.
| Current ownership | Past ownership | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | |||||||||
| Standardized estimate | SE | p | Standardized estimate | SE | p | Standardized estimate | SE | p | Standardized estimate | SE | p | |
| Regressions | ||||||||||||
| Dog→Family | 0.025 | 0.045 | 0.577 | 0.043 | 0.024 | 0.078 | −0.053 | 0.047 | 0.259 | -0.027 | 0.025 | 0.279 |
| Dog→Local community | −0.062 | 0.047 | 0.191 | −0.035 | 0.028 | 0.263 | 0.084 | 0.051 | 0.103 | 0.040 | 0.031 | 0.195 |
| Cat→Family | 0.033 | 0.046 | 0.473 | 0.053 | 0.025 | 0.032 | −0.022 | 0.048 | 0.649 | 0.019 | 0.026 | 0.451 |
| Cat→Local community | 0.017 | 0.054 | 0.747 | −0.032 | 0.028 | 0.263 | 0.023 | 0.050 | 0.640 | −0.015 | 0.030 | 0.620 |
| Family→CEI | −0.045 | 0.046 | 0.323 | −0.101 | 0.029 | 0.078 | −0.044 | 0.046 | 0.336 | −0.104 | 0.029 | 0.000 |
| Family→Well-being | 0.179 | 0.054 | 0.001 | 0.184 | 0.032 | 0.000 | 0.186 | 0.054 | 0.001 | 0.183 | 0.032 | 0.000 |
| Family→General trust | −0.031 | 0.056 | 0.578 | 0.002 | 0.032 | 0.938 | −0.023 | 0.056 | 0.677 | 0.001 | 0.032 | 0.967 |
| Family→Local community | 0.205 | 0.068 | 0.002 | 0.178 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.199 | 0.067 | 0.003 | 0.187 | 0.039 | 0.000 |
| Local community→CEI | −0.088 | 0.059 | 0.136 | −0.025 | 0.032 | 0.435 | −0.089 | 0.058 | 0.125 | −0.027 | 0.034 | 0.438 |
| Local community→Well-being | 0.233 | 0.064 | 0.000 | 0.248 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.228 | 0.063 | 0.000 | 0.255 | 0.039 | 0.000 |
| Local community→General trust | 0.208 | 0.066 | 0.002 | 0.159 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.199 | 0.066 | 0.002 | 0.164 | 0.039 | 0.000 |
| Latent variables | ||||||||||||
| Family→F1 | 0.595 | 0.062 | 0.000 | 0.641 | 0.029 | 0.000 | 0.600 | 0.061 | 0.000 | 0.600 | 0.061 | 0.000 |
| Family→F2 | 0.847 | 0.091 | 0.000 | 0.809 | 0.036 | 0.000 | 0.840 | 0.089 | 0.000 | 0.840 | 0.089 | 0.000 |
| Family→F3 | 0.496 | 0.059 | 0.000 | 0.586 | 0.029 | 0.000 | 0.497 | 0.058 | 0.000 | 0.497 | 0.058 | 0.000 |
| Local community→LC1 | 0.350 | 0.048 | 0.000 | 0.391 | 0.044 | 0.000 | 0.355 | 0.049 | 0.000 | 0.324 | 0.034 | 0.000 |
| Local community→LC2 | 0.564 | 0.046 | 0.000 | 0.504 | 0.031 | 0.000 | 0.570 | 0.045 | 0.000 | 0.532 | 0.030 | 0.000 |
| Local community→LC3 | 0.400 | 0.049 | 0.000 | 0.403 | 0.044 | 0.000 | 0.405 | 0.050 | 0.000 | 0.391 | 0.039 | 0.000 |
| Local community→LC4 | 0.443 | 0.049 | 0.000 | 0.532 | 0.042 | 0.000 | 0.445 | 0.049 | 0.000 | 0.471 | 0.036 | 0.000 |
| Covariances | ||||||||||||
| LC1↔LC3 | 0.577 | 0.068 | 0.000 | 0.520 | 0.041 | 0.000 | 0.573 | 0.067 | 0.000 | 0.573 | 0.067 | 0.000 |
| LC1↔LC4 | −0.131 | 0.034 | 0.000 | |||||||||
| LC3↔LC4 | −0.112 | 0.036 | 0.002 | −0.078 | 0.026 | 0.002 | ||||||
| F1↔F3 | 0.308 | 0.068 | 0.000 | 0.210 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.305 | 0.068 | 0.000 | 0.305 | 0.068 | 0.000 |
| CEI↔General trust | −0.289 | 0.044 | 0.000 | −0.304 | 0.026 | 0.000 | −0.289 | 0.044 | 0.000 | −0.289 | 0.044 | 0.000 |
| CEI↔Well-being | −0.187 | 0.038 | 0.000 | −0.267 | 0.024 | 0.000 | −0.187 | 0.038 | 0.000 | −0.187 | 0.038 | 0.000 |
| Well-being↔General trust | 0.453 | 0.044 | 0.000 | 0.483 | 0.026 | 0.000 | 0.453 | 0.044 | 0.000 | 0.453 | 0.044 | 0.000 |
Results that were statistically significant are in bold.