Table 2. Incidence rate per 100 person-years of the first occurrence of OIs and death in the first two years of ART, overall and by calendar time period of ART start.
| OIs | All | 2011–2013 | 2014–2016 | 2017–2020 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 1963 | 740 | 707 | 516 |
| All OIs | 402 | 223 | 113 | 66 |
| Person-years | 3298 | 1310 | 1252 | 736 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 12.19 (11.05–13.44) | 17.02 (14.93–19.41) | 9.02 (7.50–10.85) | 8.97 (7.05–11.42) |
| Any first OI | 275 | 138 | 85 | 52 |
| Person-years | 2925 | 1101 | 1137 | 686 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 9.40 (8.35–10.58) | 12.52 (10.60–14.80) | 7.48 (6.05–9.25) | 7.58 (5.77–9.94) |
| Deaths | 69 | 42 | 22 | 5 |
| Person-years | 3826 | 1415 | 1385 | 1027 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 1.80 (1.42–2.28) | 2.97 (2.19–4.02) | 1.59 (1.05–2.41) | 0.49 (0.20–1.17) |
| First specific OI, WHO clinical stage 2 | ||||
| Recurrent upper respiratory tract infection | 133 | 79 | 39 | 15 |
| Person-years | 3124 | 1197 | 1205 | 722 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 4.26 (3.59–5.05) | 6.60 (5.29–8.23) | 3.24 (2.36–4.43) | 2.08 (1.25–3.45) |
| Extensive wart virus infection, | 11 | 8 | 2 | 1 |
| Person-years | 3282 | 1299 | 1249 | 735 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.34 (0.19–0.61) | 0.62 (0.31–1.23) | 0.16 (0.04–0.64) | 0.14 (0.02–0.97) |
| First specific OI, WHO clinical stage 3 | ||||
| Pulmonary tuberculosis | 45 | 22 | 16 | 7 |
| Person-years | 3236 | 1273 | 1235 | 729 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 1.39 (1.04–1.86) | 1.73 (1.14–2.63) | 1.30 (0.79–2.12) | 0.96 (0.46–2.01) |
| Severe recurrent bacterial pneumonia | 28 | 19 | 6 | 3 |
| Person-years | 3256 | 1279 | 1243 | 735 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.86 (0.59–1.25) | 1.49 (0.95–2.33) | 0.48 (0.22–1.07) | 0.41 (0.13–1.27) |
| Lymph node tuberculosis | 20 | 13 | 4 | 3 |
| Person-years | 3269 | 1290 | 1246 | 733 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.61 (0.39–0.95) | 1.01 (0.58–1.73) | 0.32 (0.12–0.86) | 0.41 (0.13–1.27) |
| Lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis | 24 | 12 | 10 | 2 |
| Person-years | 3265 | 1294 | 1239 | 732 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.73 (0.49–1.10) | 0.93 (0.53–1.63) | 0.81 (0.43–1.50) | 0.27 (0.07–1.09) |
| Unexplained persistent diarrhoea | 11 | 4 | 2 | 5 |
| Person-years | 3285 | 1304 | 1249 | 732 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.33 (0.19–0.60) | 0.31 (0.12–0.82) | 0.16 (0.04–0.64) | 0.68 (0.28–1.64) |
| Persistent oral candidiasis | 10 | 3 | 5 | 2 |
| Person-years | 3279 | 1304 | 1243 | 732 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.30 (0.16–0.57) | 0.23 (0.07–0.71) | 0. 40 (0.17–0.97) | 0.27 (0.07–1.09) |
| First specific OI, WHO clinical stage 4 | ||||
| Pneumocystis pneumonia | 15 | 3 | 6 | 6 |
| Person-years | 3278 | 1304 | 1242 | 731 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.46 (0.28–0.76) | 0.23 (0.07–0.71) | 0.48 (0.22–1.08) | 0.82 (0.37–1.83) |
| Extrapulmonary or disseminated tuberculosis | 14 | 5 | 3 | 6 |
| Person-years | 3282 | 1304 | 1247 | 731 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.43 (0.25–0.72) | 0.46 (0.21–1.02) | 0.24 (0.08–0.75) | 0.68 (0.28–1.64) |
| Cytomegalovirus retinitis or cytomegalovirus infection | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Person-years | 3289 | 1308 | 1248 | 733 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.18 (0.08–0.41) | 0.08 (0.01–0.54) | 0.16 (0.04–0.64) | 0.41 (0.13–1.27) |
| Oesophageal candidiasis | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Person-years | 3294 | 1306 | 1252 | 736 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.06 (0.02–0.24) | 0.15 (0.04–0.61) | 0 | 0 |
| Disseminated mycobacteriosis | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Person-years | 3293 | 1310 | 1250 | 733 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.09 (0.03–0.28) | 0 | 0.08 (0.01–0.57) | 0.27 (0.07–1.09) |
| Disseminated mycosis | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Person-years | 3295 | 1310 | 1252 | 733 |
| Incidence (95% CI) | 0.07 (0.02–0.24) | 0 | 0 | 0.27 (0.07–1.09) |
95% CI, 95% confidence interval.