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. 2023 Sep 1;4:1256396. doi: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1256396

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© 2023 Dickinson, Inunza, Perez-Villa, Millar and Pushparaj.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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This graph shows changes to the subjective pain measures through each of the 4 treatment phases. Z-scores are derived for each of the scales individually, comparing the range of answers provided.