Table 1.
Application of intrinsic and acquired Stem cells in liver diseases.
| Cell source | Types of liver diseases | Patients or models | Follow-up | Principal improvements | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BEC | Biliary diseases | Mouse model | 10 days | Bilirubin, survival rate, fibrosis | Hallett et al. (2022) |
| Severely combined immunodeficient condition | Mouse models | 4 weeks | Liver parenchyma, ALB | Nevi et al. (2017) | |
| FLSC | Alcoholic cirrhosis, HBV/HCV-induced cirrhosis | 25 treatments | 6 months | ALB, bilirubin, SGOT, ALP, MELD score | Khan et al. (2010) |
| Retrorsine/partial hepatectomy model | Rat models | 180 days | Survival rate, decrease of precancerous lesion | Tsuchida et al. (2019) | |
| UC-MSCs | HBV-induced decompensated liver failure | 111 treatments; 108 controls | 75 months | Survival rate, ALB, prothrombin activity, cholinesterase, total bilirubin | Shi et al. (2021) |
| HBV-induced decompensated liver cirrhosis | 30 treatments; 15 controls | 1 year | Ascites, ALB, TB. MELD | Zhang et al. (2012) | |
| HBV-induced acute-on-chronic liver failure | 24 treatments; 19 controls | 48 or 72 weeks | ALB, prothrombin time, total bilirubin, ALT, survival rates and MELD score | Shi et al. (2012) | |
| BM-MSCs | Alcoholic cirrhosis | 28 treatments; 30 controls | 4 weeks | Nothing but observation of macrophagic expansion | Lanthier et al. (2017) |
| Alcoholic cirrhosis | 34 treatments; 16 controls | 12 months | Collagen proportionate area, Child-Pugh score, ALT, AST, GGT, bilirubin | Suk et al. (2016) | |
| HCV-induced end-stage liver disease | 20 treatments; 20 controls | 6 months | ALB, bilirubin, INR, prothrombin concentration, ALT | Salama et al. (2014) | |
| HCV-induced liver cirrhosis | 15 treatments; 10 controls | 6 months | Encephalopathy, jaundice, lower limb edema, tremors, hematemesis, ascites. Laboratory data: Albumin, prothrombin, bilirubin. MELD score | El-Ansary et al. (2012) | |
| HCV-induced liver cirrhosis | 20 treatments; 20 controls | 6 months | Child-Pugh score, MELD score, fatigue scale, and performance status | Amer et al. (2011) | |
| iPSC | CCL4-induced cirrhosis | Mouse model | 5 weeks | ALB, LDH, bilirubin | Asgari et al. (2013) |
| Gancyclovir-induced liver failure | Mouse model | – | Survival rate | Takebe et al. (2013) |