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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 15.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Methods Primers. 2021;1(51):10.1038/s43586-021-00047-w. doi: 10.1038/s43586-021-00047-w

Fig. 1 |. Microstructural features with their typical size and some analytical techniques used to analyse them.

Fig. 1 |

a | Typical microstructural features of an engineering material, from the atomic arrangement of a crystal lattice, through a range of crystalline defects, phases and grains, to imperfections at the surface. The presence and quantification of hydrogen, specifically at these features, is a crucial challenge. b | Sensitivity and analysable feature size for some materials analysis techniques. APT, atom probe tomography; EBSD, electron backscattered diffraction; ECCI, electron-channelling contrast imaging; EDS, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy; EELS, electron energy loss spectroscopy; SEM, scanning electron microscopy; SIMS, secondary ion mass spectrometry; (S)TEM, (scanning) transmission electron microscopy; TKD, transmission Kikuchi diffraction. Part a modified from J. Duarte, Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung (MPIE).