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. 2023 Sep 14;13(9):e072080. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072080

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Flow chart: patient and cohort selection. Individuals classified as “AF likely” had an ICD10 (e.g. I48) or CHOP code indicative of AF. Those with “AF possible” had ICD10 or Swiss-DRG codes which may relate to AF (e.g. ICD10: I49, DRG: F50D). All others from the reference sample were classified as “AF not obvious” and considered as controls. ICD, international classification of diseases (10th revision); CHOP, Swiss invasive medical procedures catalogue; DRG, diagnosis related group; AF, atrial fibrillation.