Table 2.
Baseline characteristics and clinical findings detected at the time of patient presentation in the Emergency Department
| Acute heart failure (n = 25) | Non-cardiac dyspnea (n = 67) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 73.9 ± 13.6 | 69.35 ± 13.5 | 0.90 |
| Sex (female) | 24% | 39% | 0.185 |
| Medical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 52% | 43.3% | 0.455 |
| Medical history of heart failure and/or ischemic heart disease | 52% | 4.5% | 0.0001 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 81.9 ± 22.5 | 87.9 ± 17.2 | 0.342 |
| Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 22.7 ± 7 | 22.5 ± 7 | 0.921 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 150.6 ± 28 | 146.1 ± 24.8 | 0.490 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 84.1 ± 17.5 | 82.1 ± 16 | 0.613 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.46 ± 0.73 | 0.93 ± 0.41 | 0.001 |
| White blood cell count (× 103/μL) | 9.5 ± 5.45 | 11.14 ± 4.65 | 0.19 |
| Oxygen saturation (%) | 92.11 ± 6.1 | 93 ± 6.3 | 0.791 |
| PaO2/FiO2 | 291.6 ± 91.26 | 271 ± 84 | 0.404 |
| pH | 7.43 ± 0.05 | 7.42 ± 0.06 | 0.362 |
| Lactate level (mmol/L) | 1.65 ± 1.28 | 1.70 ± 1.09 | 0.854 |
| C reactive protein | 38.74 ± 68 | 56.9 ± 90 | 0.312 |
| Procalcitonin | 0.45 ± 1.46 | 2.14 ± 10.7 | 0.521 |