Roles of the PTBP1–GLS–glutamine metabolism pathway in CDDP-resistant HCC cells. (a) HepG2 CDDP-resistant cells were transfected with control siRNA or si GLS, expressions of GLS were determined by western blot. (b) Glutamine uptake, (c) GLS activity, and (d) CDDP sensitivity were examined in the above transfected cells. (e) HepG2 CDDP-resistant cells were transfected with control plasmid or GLS overexpression plasmid. Cells were treated with control or GLS inhibitor, BPTES. Expressions of GLS were determined by western blot. (f) Glutamine uptake, (g) GLS activity, and (h) CDDP sensitivity were examined in the above transfected cells. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.