Table 3.

Associations of PDI with possible low muscle mass among age and physical function subpopulations

Indicators	PDI		Plant-based food score		Animal-based food score
	HR (95%CI)	P-interaction	HR (95%CI)	P-interaction	HR (95%CI)	P-interaction
Age
< 80 years	0.88 (0.83–0.93)***	0.05	0.88 (0.83–0.93)***	0.05	0.93 (0.85–1.02)	0.68
≥ 80 years	0.94 (0.91–0.97)***		0.96 (0.93–0.99)***		0.96 (0.91–1.00)
Gender
Men	0.98 (0.90–1.06)	0.29	0.92 (0.87–1.06)	0.74	1.03 (0.87–1.22)	0.23
Women	0.95 (0.93–0.97)***		0.96 (0.89–0.95)***		0.96 (0.92–1.00)
BADL disability
Yes	0.83 (0.71-0.94)***	0.09	0.85 (0.73-0.97)*	0.15	0.87 (0.71-1.06)	0.96
No	0.94 (0.91-0.96)**		0.93 (0.90-0.96)***		0.95 (0.90-1.00)
IADL disability
Yes	0.94 (0.90–0.98)**	0.96	0.95 (0.92–0.98)**	0.77	0.95 (0.90–1.01)	0.87
No	0.93 (0.89–0.96)***		0.92 (0.88–0.97)**		0.96 (0.89–1.04)

Abbreviations: PDI0 plant-based dietary index, BADL basic activity of daily living, IADL instrumental activity of daily living

^*:< 0.05; **:< 0.01; ***:< 0.001