Table 8.

Antibiotic use among inpatients at five regional hospitals in Limpopo Province, stratified by the AWaRe classification

Variables	AWaRe category	Access		Watch		Reserve		Total		P-value	Cramér’s V test
		n	%	n	%	n	%	N	%
Hospital	Hospital A	45	70.3	18	28.1	1	1.6	64	100.0	0.110	0.135
	Hospital B	76	75.3	25	24.8	–	–	101	100.0
	Hospital C	58	77.3	17	22.7	–	–	75	100.0
	Hospital D	60	60.6	39	39.4	–	–	99	100.0
	Hospital E	53	68.8	24	31.2	–		77	100.0
	Total	292	70.2	123	29.6	1	0.2	416	100.0
Ward activity	Medical	117	62.6	70	37.4	–	–	187	100.0	0.005	0.160
	Surgical	133	77.8	37	21.6	1	0.6	171	100.0
	ICU	42	72.4	16	27.6	–	–	58	100.0
Age group	Paediatrics	75	79.0	20	21.0	–	–	95	100.0	0.000	1.000
	Adults	217	67.6	103	32.1	1	0.3	321	100.0	0.037	1.102
Prescriber type	General	200	73.0	74	27.0	–	–	274	100.0	0.102	0.080
	Specialist	92	64.8	49	34.5	1	0.7	142	100.0
Indication	HAI	31	41.9	42	56.8	1	1.4	74	100.0	–	–
	CAI	158	68.4	73	31.6	–	–	231	100.0
	SP	53	89.3	6	10.2	–	–	59	100.0
	MP	50	100.0	–	–	–	–	50	100.0
	Unknown	–	–	2	100.0	–	–	2	100.0
Diagnosis	LRTI	59	56.7	45	43.3	–	–	104	100.0	–	–
	SST	65	73.0	24	27.0	–	–	89	100.0
	Prophy OBGY	49	92.5	4	7.6	–	–	53	100.0
	Neo-MP	32	100.0	–	–	–	–	32	100.0
	GI	22	91.7	2	8.3	–	–	24	100.0

AWaRe Access Watch Reserve, CAI community-acquired infection, GI gastrointestinal, HAI healthcare-acquired infection, LRTI lower respiratory tract infection, MP medical prophylaxis, Neo-MP neonatal medical prophylaxis, Prophy OBGY prophylaxis obstetrics and gynaecology, SP surgical prophylaxis, SST skin and soft tissue, n frequency, N population