Table 1.
Summary of evidence of the studies included
| Author | Year | Country | N | Mean Year (yo)a | Sex (N) | OHRQoL Scale | Domains | Caseb | Controlb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case | Control | Case | Control | ||||||||||
| Locker [36] | 2005 | Canada | 39 | 32 | 12.2 ± 1.5 | 12.2 ± 1.4 | CPQ11 − 14 | Overall | 31.40 ± 3.40 | 23.20 ± 2.2 | |||
| F | 30 | Oral symptoms | 7.40 ± 1.3 | 7.20 ± 0.9 | |||||||||
| M | 41 | Functional limitations | 8.10 ± 2.1 | 5.20 ± 0.4 | |||||||||
| Emotional well-being | 7.20 ± 2.2 | 6.30 ± 1.8 | |||||||||||
| Social well-being | 8.80 ± 1.8 | 4.70 ± 1.5 | |||||||||||
| Wogelius [37] | 2009 | Denmark | 15 | 97 | 8–10 | 8–10 | F | NA | CPQ8 − 10 | Overall | 7.90 ± 8.0 | 8.50 ± 6.2 | |
| 21 | 154 | 11–14 | 11–14 | M | NA | CPQ11 − 14 | Overall | 10.2 ± 7.2 | 10.5 ± 7.6 | ||||
| Ward [38] | 2013 | USA | 75 | 75 | 8–14 | 8–14 | COHIP | Overall | 95.6 ± 18.3 | 108.6 ± 16.9 | |||
| Oral health well-being | 24.8 ± 5.9 | 26.9 ± 6.5 | |||||||||||
| F_case | 27 | Functional well-being | 17.7 ± 4.7 | 20.9 ± 3.6 | |||||||||
| M_case | 48 | Social-Emotional well-being | 24.3 ± 6.7 | 27.7 ± 6.1 | |||||||||
| F_control | 46 | School Environment | 13.1 ± 3.0 | 14.7 ± 2.0 | |||||||||
| M_control | 29 | Self-Image | 15.7 ± 4.3 | 18.4 ± 4.9 | |||||||||
| Treatment Expectancy | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 5 ± 1.4 | |||||||||||
| Global Health | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 0.9 | |||||||||||
| Antoun [39] | 2015 | New Zealand | 24 | 30 | 12.6 ± 2.8 | 14.5 ± 1.9 | OHIP 14 | Overall | 10.5 ± 10.8 | 11.6 ± 10.9 | |||
| F_case | 10 | Functional Limitations | 1.75 ± 1.7 | 1.23 ± 1.5 | |||||||||
| M_case | 14 | Physical Pain | 1.25 ± 1.7 | 1.5 ± 1.8 | |||||||||
| F_control | 13 | Psychological Discomfort | 2.54 ± 2.3 | 3 ± 2.5 | |||||||||
| M_control | 17 | Physical Disability | 0.75 ± 1.3 | 0.73 ± 1.6 | |||||||||
| Psychological Disability | 1.92 ± 2.1 | 2.67 ± 2.4 | |||||||||||
| Social Disability | 1.17 ± 1.7 | 1.27 ± 2.1 | |||||||||||
| Handicap | 1.1 ± 1.4 | 1.2 ± 1.6 | |||||||||||
| Kragt [40] | 2016 | Netherlands | 30 | 213 | 10–14 | 10–14 | F | 122 | COHIP 38 | Overall | 159 ± 17.5 | 167.26 ± 13.3 | |
| M | 121 | ||||||||||||
| Long [41] | 2016 | USA | 527 | 362 | 12.6 ± 3.1 | 11.5 ± 2.9 | F | 391 | COHIP | Overall | 96.2 ± 18.8 | 100.1 ± 17.7 | |
| M | 498 | ||||||||||||
| Kortelainen [42] | 2016 | Finland | 26 | 71 | 11–14 | 11–14 | F_case | 13 | CPQ11 − 14 | Overall | 55.5 ± 12.3 | 15.0 ± 11.0 | |
| M_case | 13 | Oral symptoms | 11.9 ± 3.5 | 5.1 ± 2.7 | |||||||||
| F_control | 31 | Functional limitations | 14 ± 5.0 | 2.8 ± 2.7 | |||||||||
| M_control | 40 | Emotional well-being | 12.6 ± 3.3 | 4.2 ± 5.2 | |||||||||
| Social well-being | 17.1 ± 4.6 | 2.9 ± 3.5 | |||||||||||
| Aravena [12] | 2017 | Chile | 48 | 96 | 11.3 ± 2.3 | 11.2 ± 2.3 | COHIP-SP | Overall | 94.1 ± 19.3 | 97.1 ± 15.6 | |||
| F_case | 18 | Oral health well-being | 24.5 ± 6.0 | 25.1 ± 5.6 | |||||||||
| M_case | 30 | Functional well-being | 16.8 ± 4.2 | 19.2 ± 4.1 | |||||||||
| F_control | 46 | Social-Emotional well-being | 22.5 ± 7.4 | 24.4 ± 5.6 | |||||||||
| M_control | 45 | School Environment | 12.9 ± 2.6 | 14.3 ± 2.2 | |||||||||
| Self-Image | 17.2 ± 5.3 | 13.9 ± 4.6 | |||||||||||
| Boy-Lefèvre [43] | 2018 | France | 45 | 92 | NA | NA | CPQ8 − 10 | Overall | 17.73 ± 11.2 | 11.83 ± 11.1 | |||
| F | NA | Oral symptoms | 4.41 ± 2.9 | 4.63 ± 3.9 | |||||||||
| M | NA | Functional limitations | 3.95 ± 3.6 | 2.35 ± 3.3 | |||||||||
| Emotional well-being | 2.95 ± 4.0 | 2.51 ± 3.5 | |||||||||||
| Social well-being | 6.41 ± 4.6 | 2.34 ± 3.4 | |||||||||||
| Nichols [44] | 2018 | New Zealand | 19 | 16 | 12.7 ± 3.1 | 15.1 ± 2.1 | OHIP 14 | Overall | 12.4 ± 11.4 | 11.2 ± 11.0 | |||
| Functional Limitations | 1.3 ± 1.5 | 1.9 ± 1.8 | |||||||||||
| F_case | 7 | Physical Pain | 1.4 ± 1.5 | 1.4 ± 1.8 | |||||||||
| M_case | 12 | Psychological Discomfort | 3.4 ± 2.7 | 2.6 ± 2.3 | |||||||||
| F_control | 9 | Physical Disability | 0.7 ± 1.4 | 0.8 ± 1.3 | |||||||||
| M_control | 7 | Psychological Disability | 2.6 ± 2.6 | 2.1 ± 2.2 | |||||||||
| Social Disability | 1.6 ± 2.4 | 1.3 ± 1.9 | |||||||||||
| Handicap | 1.4 ± 1.8 | 1.2 ± 1.4 | |||||||||||
| Montes [45] | 2019 | Brazil | 54 | 54 | 9.07 ± 0.8 | 9.07 ± 0.8 | F_case | 23 | CPQ8 − 10 | Overall | 17.2 ± 13.0 | 13.4 ± 12.1 | |
| M_case | 31 | Oral symptoms | 6 ± 2.8 | 5.2 ± 3.8 | |||||||||
| F_control | 23 | Functional_limitations | 3.7 ± 3.5 | 2.4 ± 3.8 | |||||||||
| M_control | 31 | Emotional well-being | 3.1 ± 3.7 | 3.2 ± 3.7 | |||||||||
| Social well-being | 4.4 ± 5.1 | 2.7 ± 4.2 | |||||||||||
| Nagappan [46] | 2019 | India | 80 | 80 | 8–16 | 8–16 | COHIP 25 | Overall | 70.6 ± 14.1 | 111.82 ± 12.3 | |||
| Oral health well-being | 14.9 ± 7.9 | 31.3 ± 3.2 | |||||||||||
| F_case | 29 | Functional well-being | 7.6 ± 2.7 | 19.3 ± 6.2 | |||||||||
| M_case | 51 | Social-Emotional well-being | 21.3 ± 8.1 | 26.2 ± 5.4 | |||||||||
| F_control | 36 | School Environment | 12.1 ± 2.1 | 14.22 ± 0.9 | |||||||||
| M_control | 44 | Self-Image | 14.7 ± 3.9 | 20.8 ± 0.9 | |||||||||
| Treatment Expectancy | 4.2 ± 1.4 | 5.1 ± 0.02 | |||||||||||
| Global Health | 2.9 ± 0.6 | 3.5 ± 1.1 | |||||||||||
| Francisco [47] | 2021 | Portugal | 111 | 115 | 8–27 | 8–27 | OHIP 14 | Overall | 10.2 ± 7.2 | 9.4± | |||
| Functional Limitations | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 1.3± | |||||||||||
| F_case | 45 | Physical Pain | 3 ± 1.6 | 3.2± | |||||||||
| M_case | 66 | Psychological Discomfort | 1.5 ± 1.9 | 1.3± | |||||||||
| F_control | 45 | Physical Disability | 1.3 ± 1.6 | 1.5± | |||||||||
| M_control | 66 | Psychological Disability | 1.1 ± 1.6 | 1± | |||||||||
| Social Disability | 1.4 ± 1.5 | 0.8± | |||||||||||
| Handicap | 0.3 ± 0.9 | 0.3± | |||||||||||
| Defabianis [48]a | 2022 | Italy | 32 | 32 | 8–11 | COHIP | Overall | 101.2 ± 15.1 | 119.5 ± 7.5 | ||||
| Oral health well-being | 27 ± 4.5 | 32.2 ± 3.2 | |||||||||||
| F_case | 31 | Functional well-being | 17.3 ± 3.7 | 21.6 ± 1.9 | |||||||||
| M_case | 40 | Social-Emotional well-being | 26 ± 7.2 | 31 ± 1.8 | |||||||||
| F_control | 31 | School Environment | 12.7 ± 2.2 | 15.3 ± 1 | |||||||||
| M_control | 40 | Self-Image | 18.1 ± 5 | 19.4 ± 2.7 | |||||||||
| Defabianis [48]b | 39 | 39 | 12–18 | COHIP | Overall | 92.5 ± 19.3 | 116 ± 11.9 | ||||||
| Oral health well-being | 26.8 ± 5.7 | 31.8 ± 4.9 | |||||||||||
| Functional well-being | 18 ± 3.3 | 21.7 ± 2.5 | |||||||||||
| Social-Emotional well-being | 22.1 ± 8.4 | 29.3 ± 4.2 | |||||||||||
| School Environment | 12.2 ± 3 | 14.9 ± 1.8 | |||||||||||
| Self-Image | 13.3 ± 4.8 | 18.4 ± 3.2 | |||||||||||
aAge was presented as mean and standard deviation (± sd) and, when not available, the age range considered in the study. bScore of the scales and respective domains was presented as mean and standard deviation (± sd). COHIP: Child Oral Health Impact Profile; CPQ: Child Perceptions Questionnaires; F: Female; M: Male; NA: Not presented; OHIP: Oral Health Impact Profile; yo: years old