Table 3.

Adjusted mean difference (95% CI) in the summary scores of EPDS and PHQ9 associated with women with lactational mastitis experience during the postpartum period.

Presence of depression symptoms	Crude model β (95% CI)	p-value	Adjusted model β (95% CI)	p-value
Summary score of EPDS	1.10 (0.43–1.76)	<0.01	1.14 (0.49–1.80)	<0.01
Summary score of PHQ9	0.72 (0.17–1.28)	0.01	0.78 (0.24–1.33)	<0.01

Data are adjusted for maternal age, education level, employment status, prenatal depressive disorder, nulliparity, smoking, drinking, maternal comorbidities, delivery modality, preterm birth, neonatal sex, and breastfeeding status. Adjusted β value of > 0 indicated an increased summary score of the EPDS or PHQ9. Multiple linear regression models were performed to evaluate the β and adjusted β value. CI, confidence interval; EPDS, Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ9, Patient Health Questionnaire 9.