Table 4.

Adjusted relative risk (95% CI) of the proportion of women with depression symptoms associated with women with lactational mastitis experience during the postpartum period.

Presence of depression symptoms	Crude model RR (95% CI)	p-value	Adjusted model RR (95% CI)	p-value
Number of EPDS ≥9 or PHQ9 ≥ 5	1.63 (1.14–2.32)	<0.01	1.68 (1.18–2.4)	<0.01
Number of EPDS ≥ 9	1.60 (1.06–2.39)	0.02	1.66 (1.1–2.5)	0.02
Number of PHQ9 ≥ 5	1.59 (1.1–2.29)	0.01	1.65 (1.14–2.38)	<0.01
With self-harm or suicidal ideation	1.84 (1.07–3.19)	0.03	1.89 (1.08–3.29)	0.03
With self-harm ideation	1.80 (0.95–3.42)	0.07	1.84 (0.96–3.52)	0.07
With suicidal ideation	1.62 (0.86–3.06)	0.14	1.69 (0.89–3.23)	0.11

Data were adjusted for maternal age, education level, employment status, prenatal depressive disorder, nulliparity, smoking, drinking, maternal comorbidities, delivery modality, preterm birth, neonatal sex, and breastfeeding status. aRR of > 1 indicated an increased proportion of women with depression symptoms. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to evaluate RR and aRR. CI, confidence interval; RR, relative risk; aRR, adjusted relative risk; EPDS, Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale; PHQ9, Patient Health Questionnaire 9.