Table 3.
Main characteristics of clinical studies comparing ceftazidime-avibactam vs. ceftazidime-avibactam-containing combination regimens.
| Author | Country | Number of sites | Median time to active therapy | In vitro susceptibility rate of partner antibiotic (%) | Agea | Number of bacteremic patients (n, %) | Carbapenem non-susceptibility rate (%) | Main AMR mechanism | Presence of septic shock (n, %) | SOFA scorea | APACHE II scorea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ackley et al. (48) | United States | 18 | 25.0 (2.7–56.7) hours | NP | 62 (51–69) | 44 (41.9) | 100 | KPC | NP | NP | 26 (22–30) |
| Balandín et al. (49) | Spain | 11 | NP | 100 | 61.4 ± 14.0 | 22 (32.4) | 84.2 | OXA-48 and KPC | 40 (58.8) | 7.6 ± 4.0 | 19.5 ± 7.5 |
| Corbella et al. (57) | Spain | 1 | 6 (1–9) days | 100 | 65.1 ± 15.9 | 9 (14.8) | 98.4 | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| De la Calle et al. (58) | Spain | 1 | NP | NP | 58.8 ± 16.0 | 8 (33.3) | 100 | OXA-48 | 4 (16.7) | 3.3 ± 2.8 | NP |
| King et al. (50) | United States | 9 | 8 (5–22) days | 100 | 60 (51–69) | 23 (38.3) | 100 | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| Shields et al. (59) | United States | 1 | NP | 100 | 62 (19–91) | 22 (28.6) | 100 | KPC | NP | 5 (0–20) | NP |
| Shields et al. (15) | United States | 1 | NP | 100 | 66 (32–91) | 13 (100.0) | 100 | KPC | NP | NP | 20 (16–33) |
| Sousa et al. (65) | Spain | 1 | 5 (0–13) days | 100 | 64 (26–86) | 26 (45.6) | 97.3 | OXA-48 | NP | NP | 24 (8–45) |
| Temkin et al. (51) | Europe, Israel, Australia | 15 | NP | 100 | 61 (47–67) | 26 (68.4) | 100 | KPC and OXA-48 | NP | NP | NP |
| Tumbarello et al. (52) | Italy | 17 | 7 (3–9) days | 100 | 60 (27–79) | 104 (100.0) | 100 | KPC | 34 (32.7) | NP | NP |
| Zheng et al. (53) | China | 2 | NP | 0 | 60.9 ± 17.1 | NP | 100 | NP | NP | NP | 17.5 (14.8–20) |
| Tumbarello et al. (54) | Italy | 22 | NP | 100 | 66 (56–76) | 391 (67.8) | 100 | KPC | 100 (17.3) | NP | NP |
| Castón et al. (60) | Spain | 1 | 3 (1–5) days | 100 | 70 (54–79) | 24 (51.1) | NP | KPC | 25 (53.2) | 3 (2–6) | 14 (9–19) |
| Rathish et al. (61) | India | 1 | NP | NP | 53.2 ± 17.3 | 50 (48.5) | 100 | NP | 30 (29.0) | 4.3 ± 3.2 | NP |
| Ianconne et al. (62) | Italy | 1 | NP | 70 | NP | 23 (100.0) | 100 | KPC | NP | NP | NP |
| Guimarães et al. (66) | Brazil | 3 | NP | NP | 50.5 | 12 (41.4) | 100 | KPC | NP | NP | NP |
| Castón et al. (55) | Spain | 14 | 2 (1–4) | 100 | 67 (56–77) | 72 (38.1) | NP | OXA-48 and KPC | 36 (19.0) | 3 (1–6) | 14 (9–19) |
| Karaiskos et al. (64) | Greece | 14 | NP | 100 | 60.9 ± 17.1 | 95 (64.6) | 99 | KPC and OXA-48 | 50 (34.0) | 6.7 ± 4.2 | 16.5 ± 7.6 |
| Alqahtani et al. (63) | Saudi Arabia | 1 | 1 dayb | 100 | 62 ± 19 | 54 (25.6) | 100 | OXA-48, NDM and OXA-48 + NDM | NP | NP | NP |
| Oliva et al. (56) | Italy | 2 | NP | NP | 68 (57–78) | 122 (100.0) | 100 | KPC | 25 (20.5) | NP | NP |
NP, not provided; AMR, antimicrobial resistance; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II.
a
The results were presented as median (min-max) or mean (±standard deviation) depending on how they were given in the original articles.
b
The range (min-max) of median time to active therapy is not provided in the original article.