Table 5.
Studies assessing clinical outcomes of ceftazidime-avibactam monotherapy vs. ceftazidime-avibactam-containing combination regimens.
| Author | Year | Study design | Number of patients | Type of infection | Type of pathogen | Mortality rate (%) | Clinical cure rate (%) | Microbiological cure rate (%) | Adverse events rate (%) | AKI rate (%) | Emergence of CZA resistance rate (%) | Infection relapse rate (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ackley et al. (48) | 2020 | R, MC, C | 41 vs. 64 | Mix | CRE | 22.0 vs.31.2 | 63.4 vs. 60.9 | NP | 34.2 vs. 34.4 | 24.4 vs. 25.0 | 7.3 vs. 0 | 22.0 vs. 9.4 |
| Balandín et al. (49) | 2022 | R, MC, C | 34 vs. 34 | Mix | CRE and MDR-PA | 32.4 vs. 32.4 | 79.4 vs. 67.6 | 35.2 vs. 38.2 | NP | NP | NP | 0 vs. 0 |
| Corbella et al. (57) | 2022 | R, SC, C | 32 vs. 29 | Mix | MDR/XDR-PA | 6.3 vs. 20.7 | 62.5 vs. 44.8 | NP | NP | 0 vs. 3.4 | 0 vs. 0 | 6.5 vs. 20.0 |
| De la Calle et al. (58) | 2019 | R, SC, C | 14 vs. 10 | Mix | CRE | 14.3 vs. 30.0 | 64.3 vs. 60.0 | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| King et al. (50) | 2017 | R, MC, C | 33 vs. 27 | Mix | CRE | 30.0 vs. 33.0 | 67.0 vs. 63.0 | 45.4 vs. 63.0 | 0 vs. 0 | 0 vs. 0 | NP | NP |
| Shields et al. (59) | 2018 | R, SC, C | 53 vs. 24 | Mix | CRE | NP | 56.6 vs. 50.0 | 67.9 vs. 66.6 | NP | NP | 11.3 vs. 8.3 | NP |
| Shields et al. (15) | 2017 | R, SC, C | 8 vs. 5 | BSI | CRKP | 12.5 vs. 0.0 | 75.0 vs. 100.0 | NP | NP | 14 vs. 25 | NP | NP |
| Sousa et al. (65) | 2018 | P, SC, C | 46 vs. 11 | Mix | CRE | 21.7 vs. 27.3 | 80.4 vs. 63.6 | 67.4 vs. 54.5 | NP | 2.2 vs. 9.1 | 0 vs. 0 | 8.7 vs. 18.2 |
| Temkin et al. (51) | 2017 | R, MC, C | 13 vs. 25 | Mix | CRE and CRPA | 26.7 vs. 44.0 | 61.5 vs. 72.0 | 61.5 vs. 64.0 | NP | NP | 0 vs. 0 | NP |
| Tumbarello et al. (52) | 2019 | R,MC, C | 22 vs. 82 | BSI | CRKP | 40.9 vs. 35.4 | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| Zheng et al. (53) | 2021 | R, MC, C | 21 vs. 41 | Mix | CRKP | 47.6 vs. 24.4 | NP | 42.9 vs. 61.0 | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| Tumbarello et al. (54) | 2021 | R, MC, C | 165 vs. 412 | Mix | CRKP | 26.1 vs. 25.0 | NP | NP | 3.0 vs. 3.6 | NP | 3.6 vs. 3.4 | 7.9 vs. 12.1 |
| Castón et al. (60) | 2020 | R, SC, C | 34 vs. 13 | Mix | CRKP | 26.5 vs. 15.4 | 55.9 vs. 69.2 | 64.7 vs. 46.2 | NP | NP | 11.8 vs. 15.4 | NP |
| Rathish et al. (61) | 2021 | R, SC, C | 69 vs. 34 | Mix | CRE | 29.0 vs. 23.5 | 71.0 vs. 76.5 | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| Ianconne et al. (62) | 2020 | R, SC, C | 3 vs. 20 | BSI | CRE | 33.3 vs. 25.0 | 66.7 vs. 75.0 | NP | NP | NP | 0 vs. 10.0 | 0 vs. 20.0 |
| Guimarães et al. (66) | 2019 | P, MC, CC | 15 vs. 14 | Mix | CRE | 40.0 vs. 21.4 | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| Castón et al. (55) | 2022 | R, MC, C | 133 vs. 56 | Mix | CRE | 14.3 vs. 12.5 | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP | NP |
| Karaiskos et al. (64) | 2021 | P, MC, C | 68 vs. 79 | Mix | CRE | 11.8 vs. 27.8 | NP | NP | NP | NP | 1.5 vs. 1.3 | NP |
| Alqahtani et al. (63) | 2022 | R, SC, C | 119 vs. 92 | Mix | CRE | 16.0 vs. 27.1 | 86.6 vs. 67.4 | NP | 15.1 vs. 17.4 | 6.7 vs. 8.7 | NP | 7.6 vs. 13.0 |
| Oliva et al. (56) | 2022 | R, MC, C | 61 vs. 61 | BSI | CRKP | 14.8 vs. 18.0 | 75.4 vs. 60.7 | 76.7 vs. 94.6 | NP | NP | 0 vs. 3.3 | 11.5 vs. 26.2 |
R, retrospective; P, prospective; MC, multi-centre; SC, single-centre; C, cohort; CC, case–control; BSI, bloodstream infection; CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales; multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; XDR-PA, extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; CRKP, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; NP, not provided; CZA, ceftazidime-avibactam.