Figure 5.
Algae combined with photodynamic anticancer experiments and cell validation experiments. (A) Schematic diagram of algae-based PDT to enhance anticancer effects. Reprinted from Wang H, Liu H, Guo Y, et al. Photosynthetic microorganisms coupled photodynamic therapy for enhanced antitumor immune effect. Bioact Mater. 2022;12:97–106. Creative Commons.84 (B) Photograph of the tumor at the end point. (PBS, PBS plus laser irradiation (PBS+L), nanoparticles (PDG), PBS plus laser irradiation (PDG+L), gemcitabine (Gem), sensitive prodrug of chemo-immunomodulatory gemcitabine (PF11DG), the treatment of PF11DG plus laser irradiation (PF11DG+L). Adapted with permission from American Chemical Society: ACS Nano, Oxygen-delivering polyfluorocarbon nanovehicles improve tumor oxygenation and potentiate photodynamic-mediated anticancer immunity. Wang Z, Gong X, Li J, et al. Copyright© 2021 ACS Nano.71 (C) Scratch experiments were used to demonstrate the cellular effects of infrared light irradiation signaling pathways. (near-infra-red (NIR), photosynthesis microcapsule (PMC). Reprinted from Wang W, Zheng H, Jiang J, et al. Engineering micro oxygen factories to slow tumor progression via hyperoxic microenvironments. Nature communications. 2022;13(1):4495. Creative Commons.48 (D) To demonstrate in vivo tumor targeting, permeability, etc. In vivo tumor accumulation of photodynamic agents in mice under an in vivo imaging system. Adapted with permission from American Chemical Society: ACS Nano, Oxygen-delivering polyfluorocarbon nanovehicles improve tumor oxygenation and potentiate photodynamic-mediated anticancer immunity. Reprinted from Wang W, Zheng H, Jiang J, et al. Engineering micro oxygen factories to slow tumor progression via hyperoxic microenvironments. Nature communications. 2022;13(1):4495. Creative Commons.71 (E) Staining of new daughter cells, confocal visualization. (near-infra-red (NIR), photosynthesis microcapsule (PMC)). Reprinted from Wang W, Zheng H, Jiang J, et al. Engineering micro oxygen factories to slow tumor progression via hyperoxic microenvironments. Nature communications. 2022;13(1):4495. Creative Commons.48 (F) Cell proliferation assessment Photosynthetic microcapsules prepared from algae are less cytotoxic and can inhibit cancer cells in the presence of infrared light. (near-infra-red (NIR), photosynthesis microcapsule (PMC), the data are presented as mean ± SD. ***p < 0.001 compared to control cells according to two-tailed Student’s t-test). Reprinted from Wang W, Zheng H, Jiang J, et al. Engineering micro oxygen factories to slow tumor progression via hyperoxic microenvironments. Nature communications. 2022;13(1):4495. Creative Commons.48