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. 2023 Sep 11;2023:1522347. doi: 10.1155/2023/1522347

Table 5.

Multivariable logistic regression for associations between empiric treatment for gonorrhea and chlamydia (vs. no treatment in the ED) among those tested.

Variables Comparison groups Reference levels OR (95% CI) p value
Age (years) 18–28 ≥62 3.96 (1.51, 13.65) 0.01
29–39 ≥62 3.81 (1.45, 13.15) 0.01
40–50 ≥62 3.86 (1.45, 13.40) 0.01
51–61 ≥62 4.40 (1.60, 15.65) 0.009

Race Black/African American Asian/other 1.85 (1.00, 3.75) 0.07
White Asian/other 1.598 (0.84, 3.32) 0.18

Marital status Separated/divorced Married/life partner 1.49 (1.02, 2.18) 0.04
Single Married/life partner 1.60 (1.26, 2.06) <0.001
Widowed Married/life partner 0.71 (0.16, 2.20) 0.59

Documented primary care physician Yes No 0.89 (0.76, 1.04) 0.14

Pregnant Yes No 0.16 (0.12, 0.19) <0.001

Emergency severity index 3 1-2 0.95 (0.63, 1.46) 0.80
4-5 1-2 1.07 (0.70, 1.66) 0.77

Mechanism of ED arrival Private vehicle EMS/police 1.10 (0.87, 1.42) 0.42
Public transport/on foot EMS/police 1.06 (0.75, 1.49) 0.73

Sex of primary ED provider Male Female 1.10 (0.98, 1.25) 0.12

Training level of primary ED provider Attending only APP 0.76 (0.65, 0.89) <0.001
Attending plus resident APP 0.99 (0.85, 1.16) 0.94

Source of urine sample Not documented Clean catch/voided 0.72 (0.56, 0.91) 0.007
Other Clean catch/voided 0.77 (0.27, 1.84) 0.58

Bacteria (urinalysis) 1-unit increase 1.02 (0.97, 1.08) 0.43

Blood (urinalysis) 1-unit increase 0.84 (0.79, 0.89) <0.001

Glucose (urinalysis) Positive Negative 0.86 (0.63, 1.15) 0.32

Ketones (urinalysis) Positive Negative 1.05 (0.90, 1.23) 0.54

Leukocyte esterase (urinalysis) 1-Unit increase 1.17 (1.10, 1.25) <0.001

Mucous (urinalysis) 1-Unit increase 1.00 (0.96, 1.05) 0.83

Nitrite (urinalysis) Positive Negative 1.06 (0.80, 1.39) 0.68

Protein (urinalysis) Positive Negative 0.95 (0.83, 1.08) 0.45

RBCs (urinalysis) 1-unit increase 0.99 (0.99, 1.00) <0.001

WBC clumps (urinalysis) Present Negative 1.19 (0.90, 1.56) 0.21

WBCs (urinalysis) 1-unit increase 1.00 (1.00, 1.01) 0.12

Yeast (urinalysis) Present Absent 0.43 (0.26, 0.66) <0.001

CFU/mL on urine culture ≥10,000 <10,000 0.86 (0.66, 1.11) 0.25
No urine culture done <10,000 1.24 (0.99, 1.57) 0.07

Clue cells (vaginal wet mount) Not performed Negative 0.35 (0.12, 0.97) 0.05
Present Negative 0.98 (0.87, 1.10) 0.74

WBC (vaginal wet mount) (cells/HPF) 11–100 ≤10 1.38 (1.22, 1.56) <0.001
Not performed ≤10 1.09 (0.51, 2.48) 0.83

Yeast (vaginal wet mount) Not performed Negative 2.01 (0.69, 6.27) 0.21
Present Negative 0.79 (0.62, 1.01) 0.06

N. gonorrhea NAAT No test result Negative 3.70 (0.97, 13.81) 0.048
Positive Negative 1.95 (1.50, 2.52) <0.001

C. trichomonas NAAT No test result Negative 1.55 (0.46, 4.50) 0.44
Positive Negative 1.49 (1.24, 1.78) <0.001

T. vaginalis NAAT No test result Negative 1.10 (0.95, 1.27) 0.22
Positive Negative 1.25 (0.89, 1.74) 0.19

Diagnosed with a UTI in the ED Yes No 0.76 (0.65, 0.90) 0.001

Trichomonas found during the ED encounter Positive for T. vaginalis during the ED encounter Negative for T. vaginalis infection during ED encounter 3.88 (3.29, 4.58) <0.001
Vaginal wet mount not performed Negative for T. vaginalis infection during ED encounter 1.27 (0.49, 3.20) 0.62