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. 2023 Jun 20;38(12):2792–2807. doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08244-x

Table 2.

Educational Methods and Content of Included Advocacy Curricula

First author, year Teaching methods Advocacy tools Content areas
Experiential learning Small group/seminar1 Lecture1 Independent project Group project Required reading Legislative advocacy Community partnership Advocacy writing Public speaking Research-based advocacy Media relations SDOH Health equity/racial justice Healthcare finance Quality improvement Major health legislation Structural competency Global health
Andrews 2019
Bromage 2019
Campbell 2020
Emery 2022
Gimpel 2017
Goss 2020
Hirsch 2017
Jones 2018
Khera 2022
Knox 2018
Krishnaswami 2018
Lax 2019
Majeed 2020
Michelson 2019
Neff 2020
Oldfield 2018
Pak-Gorstein 2018
Piel 2018
Sieplinga 2021
Teran 2020
Traba 2021
Vance 2020; Kennedy 2018 Harvard
Hennepin
UCSF
U. Illinois
U. Michigan
UTSW
Yale
Webber 2018
Whetstone 2018
Ying 2019

1Small group/seminar and lecture are both considered to be didactic in nature