Table 3.
Descriptive Statistics of Included Advocacy Curricula
| n (%, with total n = 31)* | |
|---|---|
| Country | |
| USA | 30 (97%) |
| Canada† | 1 (3%) |
| Specialty (some curricula included > 1 specialty) | |
| Internal medicine | 6 (19%) |
| Family medicine | 5 (16%) |
| Pediatrics | 9 (29%) |
| Psychiatry‡ | 10 (32%) |
| Other specialty | 5 (16%) |
| Teaching methods | |
| Experiential learning | 19 (61%) |
| Small group discussion/seminar | 15 (48%) |
| Lecture | 20 (65%) |
| Independent project | 6 (19%) |
| Group project | 7 (23%) |
| Required reading | 8 (26%) |
| Advocacy tools | |
| Legislative advocacy | 18 (58%) |
| Community partnership/organizing | 18 (58%) |
| Advocacy writing (op-ed, testimony, etc.) | 13 (42%) |
| Public speaking | 3 (10%) |
| Research-based advocacy | 5 (16%) |
| Media relations | 4 (13%) |
| Advocacy/policy content areas | |
| Social determinants of health | 18 (58%) |
| Health equity / racial justice | 11 (35%) |
| Healthcare finance | 3 (10%) |
| Quality improvement | 3 (10%) |
| Major health legislation (e.g., ACA) | 4 (13%) |
| Structural competency | 4 (13%) |
| Global health | 4 (13%) |
| Evaluation | |
| Evaluation reported | 21 (68%) |
| Content: trainee feedback/perceptions | 21 (68%) |
| Content: trainee knowledge/skills/attitudes | 14 (45%) |
| Survey | 15 (48%) |
| Written feedback | 3 (10%) |
| Focus group | 4 (13%) |
| Interviews | 4 (13%) |
| Stakeholder feedback | 5 (16%) |
| Participant outcomes | 4 (13%) |
*n = 31 represents 31 overall curricula, extracted from 26 articles, with Vance (2020) and Kennedy (2018)—two articles that described the same 7 psychiatry advocacy curricula—counted as a total of 7 curricula
†Canadian article is Ying (2019)
‡Psychiatry total includes 7 curricula from Vance/Kennedy and 3 separate curricula from other articles