Table 2.
Population being evaluated, studies’ methodologies and technologies being evaluated.
| Study ID | Targeted health workers | Number of health workers | Study Designs Included | Technology under investigation | Geographic region | Disease or Condition Considered (Based on the ICD-10) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Addotey-Delove 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African, Asian, and Latin American regions | N/A |
| Adepoju 2017 | Community health workers, nurses, clinicians, clinical officers, and healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. CDSS | African region | Maternal and prenatal health, childhood illness, tuberculosis, HIV, and Hypertension |
| Alkhaldi 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | European and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Al-Rawashdeh 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Internet of things | Asian, European, and Latin American regions | N/A |
| Agarwal 2015 | Frontline health workers, midwives, nurses, and outpatient health care workers | N/A | Qualitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African, Asian, and Latin American regions | Anemia, tuberculosis, drug-dosing, pre- and post-natal care, family planning, postpartum hemorrhage, and HIV |
| Amoakoh-Coleman 2016 | Healthcare professionals in general, community health workers, health surveillance assistants, and midwives | N/A | Qualitative and quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African and Asian regions | Maternal health, HIV, post-natal depression, and malaria in pregnancy |
| Arsad 2023 | General practitioners and healthcare professionals in general | 1130 | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. eHealth technologies | Asian and European regions | N/A |
| Aslani 2022 | Physicians and nurses | N/A | Quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | Asian, European, and Latin and North American regions | Cardiovascular diseases |
| Avoka 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African region | Maternal health |
| Baluszek 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative and mixed methods study | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | European region | N/A |
| Bervell 2019 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. m-Health technologies 2. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems 3. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 4. e-Health technologies |
African region | Infectious, cardiovascular, and oral diseases |
| Boonstra 2010 | Physicians | 25624 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | European region | N/A |
| Brommeyer 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative and quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | Asian, European, and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Braun 2013 | Community health workers | N/A | Qualitative and quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African, Asian, and Latin American regions | Sexual, reproductive, maternal illnesses, child health, HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria |
| Brewster 2014 | Front-line professionals | 228 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | European region and Australia | COPD and CHF |
| Brown 2020 | Nurses | 41176 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems 2. m-Health technologies |
African, Asian, European, and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Calleja 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | African, Asian, European, Latin and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Cansdale 2022 | Nurses, birth attendants, and community health workers | 1486 | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African, Asian, and Latin American regions | Neonatology |
| Cartolovni 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Original research | 1. eHealth technologies | Asian, European, and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Celes 2018 | Healthcare profesionals in general | N/A | Quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | African, Asian, European, Latin and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Cen 2022 | Pharmacists | N/A | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1. eHealth technologies | Asian, European, and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Chan 2018 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Social media network platforms | N/A | N/A |
| Chen 2022 | Physicians and healthcare professionals in general | 14049* | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Artificial intelligence | Asian, European, Latin and North American regions, and Australia and New Zealand | N/A |
| Christensen 2020 | Mental health practitioners | N/A | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | Asian and European regions, and Australia | Unipolar depression |
| Da Costa 2020 | Dental health services providers | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, mixed qualitative-quantitative studies, and economic analysis | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | Asian, European, and Latin and North America regions, and Australia | Dental health conditions |
| Davis 2014 | Primary care professionals, medical assistants, clinicians, consultants, and healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | Asian, European, and North American regions | Diabetes, cardiac diseases, lung diseases, and cancers |
| de Grood 2016 | Physicians | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems 2. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies |
North American region | N/A |
| Drissi 2021 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | N/A |
1. Social media network platforms 2. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 3. m-Health technologies |
Asian, European, and North American regions | Post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, and stress |
| Dutta 2020 | Physicians | N/A | N/A | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | African, Asian, and North American regions | N/A |
| Early 2019 | Community health workers | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | Maternal, child, and reproductive health, tuberculosis, and HIV |
| Ebneter 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | European region | Palliative care |
| Emmett 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | 111 | Qualitative and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies studies | 1. m-Health technologies | Australia | Cardiovascular diseases |
| Ferdousi 2021 | Nurses | 3989 | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | Asian region | N/A |
| Fletcher 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. CDSS | African, Asian, European, North American regions, and Australia | Miscellaneous (oncology, cardiology, infectious diseases, and others) |
| Ftouni 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1.Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | African, Asian, European, Latin and North American regions | N/A |
| Gagnon 2012 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems 2. m-Health technologies 3. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 4. CDSS 5. Clinical reminder and alert systems 6. Laboratory reporting system 7. Personal Digital Assistant 8. Clinical information systems 9. E-learning |
European and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Gagnon 2016 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. m-Health technologies 2. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies |
African, Asian, and European regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Garavand 2022 | Physicians | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telemedicine, telehealth, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | African, Asian, European, and North and Latin American regions | N/A |
| Garvey 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | 22 | Quantitative studies | 1. Artificial intelligence | North American region | N/A |
| Ghimire 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | 51 | Quantitative and Qualitative | 1. Telemedicine, telehealth, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | Asian, European, and North American regions | Pregnancy and maternal health |
| Gonçalves R 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | 248 | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1. Telemedicine, telehealth, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | Asian, European, and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | Chronic diseases (including DM and hypertension) |
| Grant 2022 | Speech pathologists, Occupational therapists and Physiotherapists | N/A | Quantitative, Qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | Telemedicine, telehealth, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | North American and Australian region | Children with Developmental delays |
| Hagstram 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | 496 | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | European and North American regions, and Australia | Pediatrics |
| Huang 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Intelligent Physical Robots | N/A | N/A |
| Ionescu 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. E-learning 2. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 3. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems |
African, Asian, and Latin American regions | Maternal health, infectious diseases, such as HIV/AIDs, and tuberculosis |
| Isidori 2022 | Nurses | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | N/A | N/A |
| Ismatullaev 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | N/A | 1. Artificial intelligence | N/A | N/A |
| Jacob 2020 | Physicians | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. mHealth technologies | African, Asian, European, North and Latin America, and Australia and New Zealand | Miscellaneous (acute diseases, diabetes, mental disorders, and others) |
| Jimenez 2020 | Primary healthcare professionals | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1.Electronic medical records and clinical information systems 2.Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies 3. mHealth technologies 4. Personal Digital assisstant |
African, European, North American regions, and Australian region | N/A |
| Jimma 2022 | Physicians and nurses | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical ainformation systems | African, Asian, European and North American regions | N/A |
| Joo 2022 | Nurses | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | Asian, European, and North American regions, and Australia and New Zealand | Cardiovascular disease and oncology |
| Jonasdottir 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative, Quantitative and mixed qualitative - quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | African, Asian, European, North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Jose 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative and qualitative studies |
1. mHealth technologies 2. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies 3. Electronics medical records and clinical information systems |
N/A | N/A |
| Kane 2022 | Health care professionals, Psychiatrist, Community Health | N/A | Qualitative and Quantitative studies |
1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies 2. mHealth technologies 3. Social media network platforms 4. Artificial intelligence |
African, Asian, European, North American regions, and Australian region | Psychiatry and Mental health |
| K. Zhang 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | 35542 | Qualitative, Quantitative and mixed qualitative - quantitative studies |
1. E-Learning 2. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 3. Social media network platforms 4. mHealth technologies |
North American region and Australian region | N/A |
| Keyworth 2018 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. e-Health technologies | European and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Koivunen 2018 | Healthcare professionals in general | 364 | Qualitative and mixed methods studies |
1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 2. m-Health technologies |
N/A | N/A |
| Kolla 2021 | Community health workers | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems 2. m-Health technologies 3. Cloud- and web-based systems |
North American region | N/A |
| Konnyu 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | 674 | Qualitative studies | Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | European and North American region | N/A |
| Kruse 2022 | Physicians | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical record and clinical information systems | N/A | Mental Health |
| Laar 2022 | Health workers, Community health workers, Health care providers in general, Nurses | N/A | Qualitative studies | 1. mHealth technologies | Asian regions | Sexual and reproductive health |
| Lam 2022 | Surgeons | 1603 | Quantitative studies | 1. Artificial intelligence | African, Asian, European, North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Lampickienė 2022 | Mental health professionals, physicians, surgeons, Nurses | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, mixed qualitative-quantitative studies, and review | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | European and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Li 2013 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative and quantitative studies |
1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 2. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems |
Australia | N/A |
| Li 2019 | Nurses | 2106 | Qualitative and quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | Asian region | Critical care conditions |
| Lluch 2011 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 2. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems |
N/A | N/A |
| Longhini 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | 17143 | Quantitative, qualitative, mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. e-Health technologies | African, Asian, European, and North American regions | N/A |
| Martin 2019 | Physicians and nurses | > 3705 | Qualitative and quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | Asian, European, and North American regions, and Australia/New Zealand | N/A |
| Marvaso 2022 | Radiotherapy, RT students, Medical Physics | N/A | Survey | 1. Virtual reality or augmentative Reality | N/A | Radiotherapy |
| Meunier 2023 | Primary Care physicians and nurses | 59 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. CDSS | African, Asian, European, and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Moore 2020 | Nurses | N/A | Qualitative and quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | Asian, European, and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Muhiyaddin 2020 | Physicians | N/A | N/A | 1. CDSS | N/A | N/A |
| Mulita 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | 757 | Quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | N/A | Surgical field |
| Namasivayam 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | 46 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | Australian region | Palliative care |
| Nezamdoust 2022 | Nurses | N/A | N/A | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | African, Asian, European, Latin and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Nguyen 2021 | Physicians | 30182 | Quantitative, qualitative, mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | North American region | N/A |
| Niazkhani 2020 | Healthcare professionals in general | Quantitative, qualitative, mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | European and Latin and North American regions, and Australia/New Zealand | Chronic conditions (such as diabetes, cystic fibrosis, arthritis, hypertension, multiple sclerosis, asthma, and CHF) | |
| Nizeyimana 2022 | Health professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | African, Asian, European, North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| O’Connor 2022 | Nurses, and midwives | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. CDSS 2. Artificial intelligence |
Asian, European and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | Maternal and child Health, mental diseases |
| Odendaal 2020 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African, Asian, European, and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | NA |
| Osman 2019 | Physicians | 82420 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | European and Latin and North American regions | N/A |
| Papadopoulos 2018 | Nurses and social care workers | >1545 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Assistive humanoid and animal-like robots | Asian, European, and North American regions, and Australia and New Zealand | Mostly neurological conditions (including dementia) |
| Police 2011 | Physician | 28217 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical record and clinical information systems | North American region | N/A |
| Poissant 2005 | Nurses and physicians | 328 | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | Countries were not reported | N/A |
| Prakash 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Artificial intelligence | N/A | N/A |
| Rahal 2021 | Physicians | 106876 | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | European and North American regions, and Australia/New Zealand | N/A |
| Ramachandran 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general and patients | 390 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | European region | COPD |
| Ratshidi 2022 | Community healthcare professionals | N/A | Quantitative, Qualitative and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. mHealth technologies | Asian, African, Latin and North American region | N/A |
| Rukavina 2021 | Healthcare professionals in general | 98 | N/A | 1. Social media network platforms | N/A | N/A |
| Saigí-Rubió 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | European Region | N/A |
| Sipanoun 2022 | Overall users, including health professionals | 1638 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | Asian, European, and North American regions, and Australia | Pediatrics |
| Sullivan 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative and quantitative methods | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | North American region | N/A |
| Tabaeeian 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | European, North American regions, Latin American and Australia | N/A |
| Tegegne 2023 | Health professionals in general | 2439 | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | African region | N/A |
| Thomas Craig 2021 | Physicians | 9791 | Quantitative and qualitative studies |
1. CDSS 2. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems |
European and North American regions | Burnout |
| Tickner 2023 | Healthcare social workers | 2599 | Qualitative and quantitative studies |
m-Health technologies 2. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies |
European and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Torres-Castaño 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | African, European, and North American regions, and Australia | Neurology |
| Vejdani 2022 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | Asian, European, and North American regions | N/A |
| Verma 2022 | Patients and Physicians | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | Asia, Europe, North American and Australia | N/A |
| von Wedel 2020 | Physicians | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies |
1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems 2. CDSS 3. Advanced and business analytics 4. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies |
Asian, European, and Latin and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Walle 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | 1786 | Quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | African region | N/A |
| Walsh 2021 | Ophthalmologists | N/A | N/A | 1. Telehealth, Telemedicine, telemonitoring and remote monitoring technologies | European, and North American regions, and Australia and New Zealand | |
| Wisner 2019 | Nurses and physicians | N/A | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Electronic medical records and clinical information systems | European and North American regions, and Australia | N/A |
| Xyrichis 2021 | Healthcare professionals in general | 268 | Quantitative and qualitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | North American region | N/A |
| Young 2011 | ICU staff | > 1325 | Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed qualitative-quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | N/A | N/A |
| Zakerabasali 2021 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | Qualitative and quantitative studies | 1. m-Health technologies | African, European, and North American regions, and Australia and New Zealand | N/A |
| Zhang J 2023 | Surgical trainees or qualified surgeons of any surgical specialty | N/A | Quantitative studies | 1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies | N/A | Surgical field |
| Zhang Z 2023 | Healthcare professionals in general | N/A | N/A |
1. Telehealth, telemedicine, telemonitoring, and remote monitoring technologies 2. e-Health technologies |
N/A | N/A |
CDSS Computerized Decision Support Systems, HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus, ICD-10 International Classification of Diseases, 10th version, ICU Intensive Care Unit, m-Health mobile health technologies, N/A Not applicable or not available.