Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable cox regression analysis for evaluating factors associated with OS after radical resection.
| Characteristic | Univariable Cox Regression | Multivariable Cox Regression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P Value | HR | 95% CI | P Value | |
| Age | 1.03 | 0.99, 1.06 | .11 | |||
| Gender (M vs. F) | 0.61 | 0.34, 1.09 | .09 | |||
| Smoking (Never vs. Ever) | 1.77 | 1.05, 2.99 | .03 | |||
| Diabetes mellitus (No vs. Yes) | 1.58 | 0.87, 2.87 | .13 | |||
| Tumor location (Head vs. Body/nail) | 1.02 | 0.58, 1.80 | .94 | |||
| Diameter | 1.13 | 0.97, 1.32 | .12 | |||
| CA19-9 (< 37 vs. ≥ 37 U/ml) | 1.32 | 0.76, 2.30 | .33 | |||
| CA12-5(< 35 vs. ≥ 35 U/ml) | 2.04 | 1.20, 3.44 | .008 | 2.44 | 1.39, 4.29 | .002 |
| CEA (< 5 vs. ≥ 5 ug/L) | 1.26 | 0.73, 2.20 | .41 | |||
| T stage | .06 | |||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | ||||
| T2 | 2.14 | 0.95, 4.82 | .07 | |||
| T3 | 2.23 | 0.87, 5.70 | .09 | |||
| T4 | 5.25 | 0.64, 43.23 | .12 | |||
| N stage | .006 | |||||
| N0 | Reference | Reference | ||||
| N1 | 1.55 | 0.85, 2.83 | .16 | |||
| N2 | 2.59 | 1.32, 5.09 | .006 | |||
| M stage | .06 | |||||
| M0 | Reference | Reference | ||||
| M1 | 3.84 | 0.93, 15.92 | ||||
| TNM | <.001 | 1.65 | 1.12, 2.43 | .01 | ||
| I | Reference | Reference | ||||
| II | 1.80 | 0.95, 3.42 | .07 | |||
| III | 3.24 | 1.57, 6.69 | .001 | |||
| IV | 6.28 | 1.42, 27.78 | .02 | |||
| Resection margin (R0 vs. R1) | 4.61 | 1.94, 10.99 | <.001 | 3.72 | 1.41, 9.84 | .008 |
| PNI (No vs. Yes) | 0.80 | 0.44, 1.44 | .45 | |||
| MVI (No vs. Yes) | 1.98 | 1.17, 3.36 | .01 | 1.90 | 1.03, 3.52 | .04 |
| Adjuvant treatment (Yes vs. No) | 3.32 | 1.78, 6.20 | <.001 | 4.15 | 2.07, 8.30 | <.001 |
| Radiomics score | 1.18 | 1.06, 1.32 | .002 | 1.25 | 1.11, 1.41 | <.001 |
OS, overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CA12-5, carbohydrate antigen 12-5; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; TNM, tumor node and metastasis; PNI, perineural invasion; MVI, microvascular invasion.