. 2023 Sep 18;80(11):1155–1165. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.3240

Table 1. Association of Mortality With Poststroke Seizures.

Serial No.	Outcome measures	PSS (event/total)	No PSS (event/total)	No. of studies	OR (95% CI)	I², %
Main analysis
1	Primary analysis
	PSS vs no PSS	7556/17 252	181 227/1 130 356	57	2.07 (1.76-2.44)^a	86
	Limit analysis by adjusting for small study effect
	PSS vs no PSS	7556/17 252	181 227/1 130 356	57	2.19 (1.71-2.82)^a	86
	Outlier analysis (by removing eight outlier studies)
	PSS vs no PSS	6560/13 789	70 779/295 019	49	2.11 (1.87-2.39)^a	59
Subgroup analyses
2	Seizure types
	Early seizure	474/1524	7862/42 910	30	2.35 (1.88-2.92)^a	53
	Late seizure	4461/8136	41 275/99 884	9	1.24 (0.76-2.00)	58
3	Risk of bias
	Low	1541/3101	12 402/48 238	26	2.18 (1.72-2.77)^a	63
	Moderate	5969/13 951	168 753/1 080 126	26	1.89 (1.47-2.43)^a	91
	High	46/200	122/1992	5	2.70 (0.97-7.57)	64
4	ICD-10 codes
	No ICD-10 codes	1320/4319	26 499/183 021	49	2.09 (1.74-2.52)^a	60
	ICD-10 codes	6236/12 933	154 778/947 335	8	1.97 (1.28-3.03)^a	97
5	Stroke subtypes
	Ischemic stroke	1138/4227	93 426/879 801	23	2.23 (1.82-2.74)^a	76
	Hemorrhagic stroke	817/2548	40 659/123 464	15	1.35 (1.01-1.82)^a	85
	Early and late seizures after ischemic stroke
	Early PISS vs no PISS	172/564	4090/22 828	12	2.41 (1.81-3.20)^a	34
	Late PISS vs no PISS	32/49	404/528	2	0.66 (0.27-1.61)	0
	Early and late seizures after hemorrhagic stroke
	Early PHSS vs no PHSS	95/251	938/3328	4	1.55 (0.71-3.40)	86
	Late PHSS vs no PHSS	143/278	908/1827	3	1.23 (0.88-1.73)	34
6	Status epilepticus
6	PSSE vs no PSSE	589/1879	106 786/821 302	7	2.54 (1.67-3.84)^a	34

Abbreviations: ICD-10, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Edition; OR, odds ratio; PHSS, posthemorrhagic stroke seizure; PISS, postischemic stroke seizure; PSS, poststroke seizure; PSSE, poststroke status epilepticus.

^{^a}

P < .05.