Table 1.
Warfarin (n = 8233) |
DOAC (n = 21,585) |
No-OAC (n = 2445) |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Incidence | Incidence | aHR (95% Cl) |
Incidence | aHR (95% Cl) |
|
Ischemic stroke | |||||
Overall | 1.50 | 1.09 | 0.82 (0.70–0.97) * | 1.74 | 1.62 (1.24–2.13) * |
Fatal | 0.25 | 0.13 | 0.67 (0.43–1.02) | 0.22 | 1.60 (0.77–3.33) |
Without home discharge | 1.08 | 0.66 | 0.72 (0.59–0.88) * | 1.17 | 1.54 (1.11–2.14) * |
Intracranial hemorrhage | |||||
Overall | 1.03 | 0.67 | 0.68 (0.55–0.83) * | 0.61 | 0.62 (0.40–0.94) * |
Fatal | 0.22 | 0.09 | 0.46 (0.28–0.75) * | 0.16 | 0.72 (0.31–1.69) |
Without home discharge | 0.72 | 0.44 | 0.66 (0.52–0.84) * | 0.52 | 0.74 (0.46–1.17) |
Requiring surgery | 0.23 | 0.14 | 0.64 (0.42–0.99) * | 0.22 | 1.03 (0.49–2.16) |
Intracerebral hemorrhage | |||||
Overall | 0.37 | 0.30 | 0.85 (0.62–1.18) | 0.20 | 0.55 (0.27–1.13) |
Fatal | 0.11 | 0.05 | 0.56 (0.29–1.10) | 0.09 | 0.93 (0.30–2.92) |
Requiring surgery | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.77 (0.26–2.30) | 0.07 | 1.62 (0.36–7.43) |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage | |||||
Overall | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.94 (0.55–1.62) | 0.13 | 1.20 (0.46–3.11) |
Fatal | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.30 (0.11–0.82) * | 0.04 | 0.81 (0.16–4.09) |
Requiring surgery | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1.80 (0.21–15.47) | 0.02 | 2.38 (0.13–44.05) |
Subdural/epidural hemorrhage | |||||
Overall | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.53 (0.39–0.72) * | 0.27 | 0.59 (0.31–1.10) |
Fatal | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.45 (0.15–1.31) | 0.02 | 0.45 (0.05–3.93) |
Requiring surgery | 0.19 | 0.10 | 0.55 (0.33–0.90) * | 0.16 | 0.93 (0.39–2.22) |
DOAC: direct oral anticoagulant; HR: hazard ratio, OAC: oral anticoagulant.
Incidences are described as “per 100 person-years.” Adjusted by sex, age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, creatinine clearance, type of AF, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, severe hepatic disease, heart failure, gastrointestinal disease, active cancer, dementia, cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, thromboembolic disease, major bleeding, fall, catheter ablation, antiplatelet agents, antiarrhythmic drugs, proton pump inhibitors, P-glycoprotein inhibitors, and polypharmacy (⩾ 5 medications).
p < 0.05.