Table 2.
Baseline dietary characteristics of adolescents taking part in SAMIA trial, Zanzibar, 2022
| Overall (N=2,479) | No anemia (n=1,158 ) | Mild anemia (n=757) | Moderate/severe anemia (n=564) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Household diet diversity score (N=2,479) | |||||
| 3 and less | 574 (23.2) | 259(45.1) | 178 (31) | 137 (23.9) | 0.486 |
| 4 to 5 | 767 (30.9) | 45 (24.1) | 241 (31.4) | 181 (23.6) | |
| 6 and more | 1138 (45.9) | 554 (48.7) | 338 (29.7) | 246 (21.6) | |
| Food consumption (N=2,479) | |||||
| Cereals (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 56(2.3) | 27(48.2) | 16(28.6) | 13(23.2) | 0.191 |
| 1-6 per week | 370(14.9) | 154(41.6) | 116(31.4) | 100(27) | |
| Daily | 2053(82.8) | 977(47.6) | 625(30.4) | 451(22) | |
| Vegetables (N=2,279) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 196(7.9) | 72(36.7) | 66(35.9) | 43(21.9) | 0.321 |
| 1-6 per week | 392(15.8) | 124(31.6) | 386(29.5) | 86(21.9) | |
| Daily | 1891(76.3) | 561(29.7) | 256(30.3) | 435(23) | |
| Legumes (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 657(26.5) | 297(45.2) | 211(32.1) | 149(22.7) | 0.851 |
| 1-6 per week | 980(39.5) | 462(47.1) | 291(29.7) | 227(23.2) | |
| Daily | 842(34) | 399(47.4) | 255(30.3) | 188(22.3) | |
| Fruits (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 202(8.6) | 90(40.9) | 73(33.2) | 57(25.9) | 0.359 |
| 1-6 per week | 1253(53.6) | 174(45) | 122(31.5) | 91(23.5) | |
| Daily | 884(37.8) | 894(47.8) | 562(30) | 416(22.2) | |
| Meat (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 1378(55.6) | 631(45.8) | 424(30.8) | 323(23.4) | 0.248 |
| 1-6 per week | 914(36.9) | 438(47.9) | 267(29.2) | 209(22.9) | |
| Daily | 187(7.5) | 89(47.6) | 66(35.3) | 32(17.1) | |
| Eggs (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 1938(78.2) | 886(45.7) | 598(30.9) | 454(23.4) | 0.217 |
| 1-6 per week | 494(19.9) | 244(49.4) | 148(30) | 102(20.6) | |
| Daily | 47(1.9) | 28(59.6) | 11(23.4) | 8(17) | |
| Fish (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 230(9.3) | 98(42.6) | 72(31.3) | 60(26.1) | 0.178 |
| 1-6 per week | 857(34.6) | 382(44.6) | 268(31.3) | 207(24.2) | |
| Daily | 1392(56.2) | 678(48.7) | 417(30) | 297(21.3) | |
| Milk (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 280(11.3) | 125(44.6) | 85(30.4) | 70(25) | 0.74 |
| 1-6 per week | 752(30.3) | 353(46.9) | 222(29.5) | 177(23.5) | |
| Daily | 1447(58.4) | 680(47) | 450(31.1) | 317(21.9) | |
| Fats (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 1938(78.2) | 886(45.7) | 598(30.9) | 454(23.4) | 0.217 |
| 1-6 per week | 494(19.9) | 244(49.4) | 148(30) | 102(20.6) | |
| Daily | 47(1.9) | 28(59.6) | 11(23.4) | 8(17) | |
| Beverages (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 234(9.4) | 94(40.2) | 74(31.6) | 66(28.2) | 0.172 |
| 1-6 per week | 740(29.9) | 347(46.9) | 222(30) | 171(23.1) | |
| Daily | 1505(60.7) | 717(47.6) | 461(30.6) | 327(21.7) | |
| Sweets (N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 1376(55.5) | 639(46.4) | 428(31.1) | 309(22.5) | 0.954 |
| 1-6 per week | 964(38.9) | 454(47.1) | 289(30) | 221(22.9) | |
| Daily | 139(5.6) | 65(46.8) | 40(28.8) | 34(24.5) | |
| Tubers(N=2,479) | |||||
| < 1 per week | 315(12.7) | 137(43.5) | 97(30.8) | 81(25.7) | 0.432 |
| 1-6 per week | 1011(40.8) | 470(46.5) | 303(30) | 238(23.5) | |
| Daily | 1153(46.5) | 551(47.8) | 357(31) | 245(21.2) | |
Values are n(%) or mean SD±. P-values derived from Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test if the cell count <5, Fisher's exact test performed. Data derived from food frequency questionnaire in which the reference period for consumption was the last 30 days