Search	Query	Total, n
1	(MH “Back Pain+” OR MH “Back Injuries” OR MH “Spinal Diseases” OR MH “Intervertebral Disk Displacement” OR MH “Spondylarthritis” OR MH “Osteoarthritis, Spine” OR MH “Spondylarthropathies” OR MH “Spondylosis+” OR MH “Spinal Stenosis” OR MH “Neuralgia+” OR MH “Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction” OR MH “Lumbar Vertebrae” OR MH “Intervertebral Disk” OR MH “Zygapophyseal Joint” OR (“musculoskeletal pain*” AND (“back” OR “spine” OR “spinal”)) OR “spinal pain*” OR “back disorder*” OR “back pain” OR “back pains” OR “back injur*” OR “backache*” OR “back ache*” OR “back strain*” OR “back sprain*” OR “failed back” OR “lumbago” OR ((“lumbar” OR “lumbosacral*” OR “lumbo sacral*” OR “lower back”) N5 (“pain” OR “pains” OR “painful” OR “stenosis” OR “stenosis” OR “radiculopathy” OR “instability” OR “instabilities” OR “strain” OR “strains”)) OR “lumbar dysfunction” OR ((“disc” OR “discs” OR “disk” OR “disks”) N5 (“herniated” OR “herniation” OR “herniations” OR “degenerative” OR “degeneration” OR “prolapse*”)) OR “coccydynia” OR “spondylarth*” OR “spondylisthesis” OR “spondylo*” OR “sciatica” OR “facet joint*” OR “zygapophyseal joint*”)	77277
2	MH “Patient Education” OR “education” OR “educational” OR “advice” OR “counsel*” OR “coach*” OR “activating therap*” OR MH “Behavior Therapy+” OR “behavioural therap*” OR (“cognitive” AND “therapy”) OR “cognitive behavio*” OR “operant” OR “behavior chang*” OR “behaviour chang*” OR “behavioral chang*” OR “behavioural chang*” OR “behavioural Intervention*” OR “behavior modification*” OR “group therap*” OR ((“interdisciplinary” OR “multidisciplinary” or “multi disciplinary”) AND “rehabilitation”) OR “psychologically informed” OR “neuroscience” OR “goal setting” OR “motivation*” OR “reassurance” OR “coping” OR “problem solving” OR MH “Self Care” OR “self care” OR “self management” OR “stay active” OR “staying active” OR “active management” OR (“home” N5 “exercise*”) OR “back school*” OR “information provision*” OR “book*” OR “brochure*” OR “leaflet*” OR “pamphlet*” OR “therapeutic alliance” OR MH “Professional-Patient Relations” OR MH “Physician-Patient Relations” OR (TX “psychological*” AND (TX “physical therap*” OR TX “physiotherap*”)) OR “start back”	1250888
3	(MH “Randomized Controlled Trials+”) OR (MH “Systematic Review”) OR (MH “Meta Analysis”) OR (MH “Meta Synthesis”) OR (MH “Systematic Review”) OR (MH “Placebos”) OR (ZT “randomized controlled trial”) OR (ZT “Systematic Review”) OR (ZT “Meta Analaysis”) OR (ZT “Practice Guideline”) OR (MH “Placebos”) OR randomized OR randomised OR randomization OR randomisation OR placebo OR randomly OR “single blind” OR “single blinded” OR “double blind” OR “double blinded” OR systematic OR systematically OR meta-analysis OR meta-synthesis OR meta-analyses OR meta-syntheses OR “meta analysis” OR “meta synthesis” OR “meta analyses” OR “meta syntheses” OR metaanalysis OR metaanalyses OR meta-analytic OR “meta analytic” OR metaanalytic OR “umbrella review” OR “umbrella reviews” OR “scoping review” OR “scoping reviews” OR “rapid review” OR “rapid reviews” OR “practice guideline” OR “clinical guideline” OR ((review OR reviews OR reviewed OR search OR searches OR searched OR searching OR handsearch OR handsearched) AND (“inclusion criteri*” OR “exclusion criteri*” OR references OR papers OR articles OR publications OR studies OR trials OR datasets OR databases))	970179
4	1 AND 2 AND 3	2850