Search	Query	Total, n
1	((“back pain”[MESH] OR “back injuries”[MeSH:noexp] OR “spinal diseases”[MeSH:noexp] OR “intervertebral disc degeneration”[MESH] OR “intervertebral disc displacement”[MESH] OR “spondylarthritis”[MeSH:noexp] OR “osteoarthritis, spine”[MESH] OR “spondylarthropathies”[MESH:noexp] OR “spondylosis”[MESH] OR “spinal stenosis”[MESH] OR “sciatic neuropathy”[MESH] OR “lumbar vertebrae”[MESH] OR “intervertebral disc”[MESH] OR “zygapophyseal joint”[MESH]) OR ((“musculoskeletal pain”[MeSH:noexp] OR musculoskeletal pain[TIAB]) AND (back[TIAB] OR spine[TIAB] OR spinal[TIAB])) OR spinal pain*[TIAB] OR back disorder*[TIAB] OR back injur*[TIAB] OR back pain[TIAB] OR back pains[TIAB] OR backache*[TIAB] OR back ache*[TIAB] OR back strain*[TIAB] OR back sprain*[TIAB] OR failed back[TIAB] OR lumbago[TIAB] OR ((lumbar[TIAB] OR lumbosacral*[TIAB] OR lumbo sacral*[TIAB] OR lower back[TIAB]) AND (pain[tiab] OR pains[tiab] OR painful[tiab] OR stenosis[TIAB] OR stenoses[TIAB] OR radiculopathy[TIAB] OR instability[TIAB] OR instabilities[TIAB] OR strain[TIAB] OR strains[tiab])) OR lumbar dysfunction[TIAB] OR ((disc[TIAB] OR discs[TIAB] OR disk[TIAB] OR disks[TIAB]) AND (herniated[TIAB] OR herniation[TIAB] OR herniations[TIAB] OR degenerative[TIAB] OR degeneration[TIAB] OR prolapse*[TIAB])) OR coccydynia[TIAB] OR spondylarth*[TIAB] OR spondylisthesis[TIAB] OR spondylo*[TIAB] OR sciatica[TIAB] OR facet joint*[TIAB] OR zygapophyseal joint*[TIAB])	179453
2	(“physical therapy modalities”[Mesh Terms:noexp] OR “exercise therapy”[MeSH] OR “exercise movement techniques”[MeSH:noexp] OR ((exercise*[tiab] OR exercising[tiab] OR program*[tiab] OR train*[tiab]) AND (“abdominal muscles”[MeSH:noexp] OR back muscle*[tiab] OR “paraspinal muscles”[MeSH] OR paraspinal[tiab] OR multifidus[tiab] OR transversus[tiab] OR trunk[tiab] OR coordination[tiab] OR dynamic[tiab] OR endurance[tiab] OR extension[tiab] OR isometric*[tiab] OR motor control[tiab] OR “muscle contraction”[MeSH] OR resistance[tiab] OR stabili*[tiab] OR strengthen*[tiab] OR targeted[tiab])) OR active exercise*[tiab] OR back exercise*[tiab] OR exercise intervention*[tiab] OR exercise therapy[tiab] OR therapeutic exercise*[tiab] OR Alexander[tiab] OR dynamic sit*[tiab] OR functional restoration[tiab] OR functional technique*[tiab] OR lateral slid*[tiab] OR motor training[tiab] OR multidisciplinary rehabilitation[tiab] OR (neuromuscular[tiab] AND facilitation[tiab]) OR Swiss ball*[tiab] OR biofeedback[tiab] OR feedback[tiab] OR reeducation[tiab])	427257
3	“Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic”[Mesh] OR “Meta-analysis as topic”[Mesh] OR “Randomized Controlled Trial”[pt] OR “Placebos”[Mesh] OR “Meta-Analysis”[pt] OR “Systematic Review”[pt] OR “Controlled Clinical Trial”[pt] OR “Practice Guideline” [Publication Type] OR systematic[subset] OR randomized[tiab] OR randomised[tiab] OR randomization[tiab] OR randomisation[tiab] OR placebo[tiab] OR randomly[tiab] OR “single blind”[tiab] OR “single blinded”[tiab] OR “double blind”[tiab] OR “double blinded”[tiab] OR systematic[tiab] OR systematically[tiab] OR meta-analysis[tiab] OR meta-synthesis[tiab] OR meta-analyses[tiab] OR meta-syntheses[tiab] OR “meta analysis”[tiab] OR “meta synthesis”[tiab] OR “meta analyses”[tiab] OR “meta syntheses”[tiab] OR metaanalysis[tiab] OR metaanalyses[tiab] OR meta-analytic[tiab] OR “meta analytic”[tiab] OR metaanalytic[tiab] OR “umbrella review”[tiab] OR “umbrella reviews”[tiab] OR “scoping review”[tiab] OR “scoping reviews”[tiab] OR “rapid review”[tiab] OR “rapid reviews”[tiab] OR “practice guideline”[tiab] OR “clinical guideline”[tiab] OR ((review[tiab] OR reviews[tiab] OR reviewed[tiab] OR search[tiab] OR searches[tiab] OR searched[tiab] OR searching[tiab] OR handsearch[tiab] OR handsearched[tiab]) AND (“inclusion criteri*”[tiab] OR “exclusion criteri*”[tiab] OR references[tiab] OR papers[tiab] OR articles[tiab] OR publications[tiab] OR studies[tiab] OR trials[tiab] OR datasets[tiab] OR databases[tiab]))	2237149
4	1 AND 2 AND 3	2913