Table 3.
Univariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Tigecycline-Associated Thrombocytopenia
| Characteristics | Thrombocytopenia Group (n=46) | Control Group (n=92) | OR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 31 | 60 | 1.000 (0.470–2.128) | 1 |
| Female | 15 | 32 | ||
| Age (years) | 84.2±7.7 | 73.7±14.0 | 0.906 (0.864–0.949) | <0.001 |
| ≥74 (%) | 42 | 41 | 8.077 (2.674–24.394) | <0.001 |
| Underlying disease | ||||
| Malignant tumors | 12 | 18 | 1.451 (0.629–3.347) | 0.383 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 11 | 17 | 1.493 (0.628–3.543) | 0.364 |
| Respiratory disease | 10 | 19 | 0.939 (0.400–2.204) | 0.855 |
| Neurological disease | 4 | 15 | 0.489 (0.152–1.568) | 0.229 |
| Urinary tract disease | 3 | 7 | 1.000 (0.238–4.198) | 1 |
| Digestive diseases | 3 | 6 | 1.000 (0.238–4.193) | 1 |
| Others | 3 | 10 | 0.643 (0.166–2.501) | 0.524 |
| Emergency ward admission | 12 | 10 | 2.901 (1.180–7.129) | 0.02 |
| Bedridden | 18 | 26 | 1.632 (0.774–3.441) | 0.198 |
| Risk of malnutrition | ||||
| Yes | 32 | 18 | 8.782 (3.923–19.657) | <0.001 |
| No | 14 | 74 | ||
| BMIa (kg/m2) | 21.5±4.6 | 23.7±4.1 | 1.105 (0.971–1.162) | 0.067 |
| Hyponatraemia | 15 | 26 | 1.169 (0.543–2.497) | 0.695 |
| Site of infection | ||||
| Respiratory disease | 36 | 67 | 1.799 (0.766–4.221) | 0.177 |
| Urinary tract infection | 10 | 19 | 1.067 (0.450–2.531) | 0.883 |
| Intra-abdominal infection | 7 | 18 | 0.865 (0.365–2.172) | 0.758 |
| Bloodstream infection | 6 | 7 | 2.573 (0.811–8.159) | 0.109 |
| Skin and soft tissue infection | 1 | 2 | 0.659 (0.067–6.519) | 0.722 |
| Tigecycline monotherapy | 9 | 14 | 1.173 (0.453–3.037) | 0.742 |
| Tigecycline daily dose | 114.1±37.1 | 104.9±20.9 | 0.991 (0.979–1.003) | 0.126 |
| Concomitant drugs associated with | ||||
| Aspirin and/or clopidogrel | 5 | 17 | 0.579 (0.198–1.695) | 0.319 |
| Cefoperazone/sulbactam | 12 | 22 | 1.172 (0.507–2.710) | 0.711 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 5 | 8 | 1.160 (0.361–1.727) | 0.803 |
| All β-Lactam Antibiotics + β-lactamase inhibitor | 19 | 30 | 1.502 (0.694–3.251) | 0.302 |
| Meropenem | 14 | 18 | 1.929 (0.834–4.462) | 0.125 |
| Imipenem/cilastatin | 1 | 4 | 0.500 (0.520–20.306) | 0.542 |
| Biapenem | 3 | 2 | 3.250 (0.180–5.865) | 0.207 |
| Amikacin | 1 | 4 | 0.395 (0.045–3.500) | 0.404 |
| Ceftazidime | 1 | 10 | 0.378 (0.079–1.818) | 0.225 |
| Others | 9 | 13 | 1.700 (0.648–4.463) | 0.281 |
| Pathogenic microorganism | ||||
| Acinetobacter baumannii | 15 | 28 | 1.112 (0.491–2.521) | 0.799 |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 19 | 46 | 0.594 (0.260–1.356) | 0.216 |
| Gram positive coccus | 8 | 8 | 2.370 (0.806–6.968) | 0.117 |
| Others | 1 | 2 | 1.029 (0.090–11.754) | 0.981 |
| Duration of tigecycline therapy (days) | 12.2±6.5 | 8.4±4.4 | 0.891 (0.829–0.957) | 0.002 |
| ≥7 days | 11 | 20 | <0.001 | |
| Hospitalization duration (days) | 34.1±28.1 | 33.2±17.0 | 0.998 (0.980–1.016) | 0.83 |
| Baseline laboratory data | ||||
| PLT (10×109/L) | 192.4±77.6 | 226.5±85.2 | 0.999 (0.995–1.004) | 0.689 |
| ALT (U/L) | 27.0±45.8 | 23.5±30.9 | 0.997 (0.988–1.007) | 0.593 |
| AST (U/L) | 39.2±48.5 | 27.8±27.8 | 0.992 (0.982–1.002) | 0.105 |
| DBIL (μmol/L) | 12.5±16.6 | 6.1±6.8 | 0.935 (0.889–0.984) | 0.009 |
| DBIL>8.1μmol/L | 24 | 10 | 8.945 (3.729–21.460) | <0.001 |
| TBIL (μmol/L) | 18.5±19.8 | 10.9±9.1 | 0.950 (0.913–0.988) | 0.011 |
| >17.1 μmol/L | 19 | 8 | 7.389 (2.907–18.782) | <0.001 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 15.8±11.1 | 10.8±8.1 | 0.941 (0.902–0.982) | 0.005 |
| BUN>8.1mmol/L | 38 | 41 | 0.261 (0.095–0.713) | <0.001 |
| SCR (μmol/L) | 131.1±137.4 | 107.3±106.0 | 0.998 (0.995–1.001) | 0.242 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 64.3±31.4 | 74.8±35.6 | 1.009 (0.999–1.020) | 0.081 |
| ALB (g/L) | 30.6±4.3 | 31.8±4.3 | 0.990 (0.972–1.008) | 0.271 |
| HGB (g/L) | 90.3±16.1 | 92.5±16.6 | 1.005 (0.984–1.025) | 0.65 |
| WBC (10×109/L) | 11.9±6.3 | 10.5±5.2 | 0.977 (0.922–1.035) | 0.424 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 16.1±22.4 | 17.6±29.8 | 1.002 (0.989–1.016) | 0.751 |
| PCT (ng/mL) | 4.6±10.2 | 3.1±18.4 | 0.995 (0.974–1.016) | 0.609 |
Notes: a, 28 patients in the thrombocytopenia group and 66 patients in the control group have BMI data.
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ALT, aspartate transaminase; AST, alanine transaminase; PLT, platelet count; DBIL, direct bilirubin; TBIL, total bilirubin; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; SCR, serum creatinine; eGFR, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate; ALB, blood albumin; HGB, hemoglobin; WBC, white blood cell count; CRP, C reactive protein, PCT, procalcitonin.