Table 4. . Annual cost (€, 2021) per patient by study group after propensity score matching.
| Study groups, PSM Patients |
Apixaban (n = 2160) | Acenocoumarol (n = 2160) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthcare cost | ||||
| Visits | ||||
| Primary care visits | 146 (99) | 252 (163) | <0.001 | |
| Nursing visits | 60 (45) | 294 (195) | <0.001 | |
| Specialist visit | 193 (175) | 257 (185) | <0.001 | |
| Emergency visits | 21 (48) | 37 (63) | <0.001 | |
| Hospitalizations | 293 (1196) | 658 (2036) | <0.001 | |
| Clinical tests and procedures | ||||
| Laboratory tests | 48 (35) | 70 (51) | <0.001 | |
| Radiology | 15 (14) | 18 (15) | <0.001 | |
| Computerized tomography | 31 (45) | 97 (80) | <0.001 | |
| Nuclear magnetic resonance | 60 (84) | 148 (136) | <0.001 | |
| Other tests† | 43 (37) | 89 (65) | <0.001 | |
| Catheterization | 96 (192) | 104 (198) | 0.154 | |
| Angioplasty | 100 (195) | 102 (197) | 0.709 | |
| Endarterectomy | 2 (29) | 99 (194) | <0.001 | |
| Medicines | ||||
| Cardiovascular medicines cost | 899 (327) | 42 (20) | <0.001 | |
| Healthcare cost | 2008 (1490) | 2268 (2251) | <0.001 | |
| Non-healthcare cost | 169 (478) | 252 (641) | <0.001 | |
| Total cost | 2177 (1488) | 2520 (2268) | <0.001 | |
| Cost correction‡ | Apixaban | Acenocoumarol | Difference | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthcare cost | 2046 | 2224 | -178 | 0.001 |
| 95% CI | (1986–2107) | (2128–2315) | (-282–[-73]) | |
| Non-healthcare cost | 162 | 259 | -97 | <0.001 |
| 95% CI | (145–181) | (234–286) | (-126–[-67]) | |
| Total cost | 2208 | 2482 | -274 | <0.001 |
| 95% CI | (2146–2271) | (2380–2584) | (-387–[-157]) |
Values expressed as a percentage or mean (SD).
†
Includes echocardiogram and Doppler echocardiography.
‡
Covariates: age, sex, time from diagnosis and Charlson comorbidity index.
CI: Confidence interval; p: Statistical significance; PSM: Propensity score matching; SD: Standard deviation.