TABLE 3.
Quality improvement and coproduction behaviors between respondents participating in the CFLN and respondents from the larger CCN
| CCN care team respondents (n = 25) | CFLN care team respondents (n = 60) | P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time involved in quality Improvement; n (%) | NS | ||
| 0 to 2 years | 2 (8.0) | 6 (10.0) | |
| 3 to 5 years | 9 (36.0) | 16 (26.7) | |
| 6 or more years | 14 (56.0) | 38 (63.3) | |
| QI frameworks used; n (%) often/always | |||
| Model for Improvement | 10 (66.7) | 42 (81.1) | NS |
| Clinical Microsystems | 12 (60.0) | 34 (64.2) | NS |
| Lean | 7 (38.9) | 6 (13.3) | 0.038 |
| Six Sigma | 2 (11.8) | 4 (9.1) | NS |
| Proportion of multidisciplinary team receiving QI training; n (%) | NS | ||
| 1 to 25% | 5 (20.0) | 4 (7.1) | |
| 26 to 50% | 6 (24.0) | 15 (25.0) | |
| 51‐75% | 5 (20.0) | 20 (33.3) | |
| 76‐100% | 7 (28.0) | 17 (28.3) | |
| Do not know | 2 (8.0) | 4 (6.7) | |
| Team involved in program's QI work; n (%) | |||
| Physicians | 23 (92.0) | 99 (96.1) | NS |
| Dietitians | 24 (96.0) | 95 (92.2) | NS |
| Social workers | 24 (96.0) | 89 (86.4) | NS |
| Patient and family partners | 17 (68.0) | 97 (94.2) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory therapists | 21 (84.0) | 83 (80.6) | NS |
| Nurses | 21 (84.0) | 91 (88.3) | NS |
| Advanced practice providers | 14 (56.0) | 67 (65.0) | NS |
| Pharmacists | 14 (56.0) | 59 (57.3) | NS |
| Behavioral health specialists | 13 (52.0) | 51 (49.3) | NS |
| Trainees in health fields (e.g., resident/fellow) | 12 (48.0) | 36 (35.0) | NS |
| Administrative staff | 7 (28.0) | 40 (38.8) | NS |
| Quality improvement advisors | 7 (28.0) | 27 (26.2) | NS |
| Data analysts | 3 (12.0) | 26 (25.2) | NS |
| Not sure who has been involved | 3 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) | NS |
| Sources used to learn about QI work happening at other CF programs; n (%) often/always | |||
| National conferences | 20 (80.0) | 50 (83.3) | NS |
| During team meetings with a QI expert (local QI resource, external coach) | 6 (24.0) | 30 (50.8) | 0.023 |
| Peer‐reviewed publications | 12 (48.0) | 22 (37.3) | NS |
| Communication with peers at other institutions | 6 (24.0) | 26 (43.3) | NS |
| CFF e‐mail Listserv | 11 (4.40) | 22 (37.3) | NS |
| CFF newsletters | 7 (28.0) | 19 (31.7) | NS |
| Discipline‐specific/regional conferences | 8 (32.0) | 18 (30.5) | NS |
| Improvement readiness; n (%) positive culture a | 17 (68.0) | 51 (85.0) | NS |
| Resources to support QI, n (%) often/always | |||
| I can find the resources and tools I need to conduct QI projects | 16 (64.0) | 48 (80.0) | NS |
| Training in QI methods is available to me and my team members when needed | 13 (56.5) | 42 (70.0) | NS |
| I have made connections with people from other CF programs who are working on similar QI projects | 7 (28.0) | 41 (68.3) | <0.001 |
a
Positive “Improvement Readiness” culture is defined by an average score of 4 or higher across five questions rated on a 1‐5 Likert scale: The learning environment in my work setting: (1) Utilizes input / suggestions from the people who work here; (2) Integrates lessons learned from other work settings; (3) Effectively fixes defects to improve the quality of what we do; (4) Allows us to gain important insight into what we do well; (5) Is protected by our local management.