Table 1. Types of communication and their context with the principles of the Bata Management System.

Type of communication	Context with the principles of the Bata Management System	References
Brainstorming, brainwriting	World-famous management systems, e.g., Bata or Ford, were based on Taylor´s theory. Initially, business processes were documented and described for use at work, but they were fixed; there was no intentional measurement or optimization, and there was rarely any improvement. The present management systems based on the Bata Management System use creative methods to support the generation of new ideas and their development.	[5, 17, 25]
Electronic communication	Communication efficiency goes hand in hand with time-saving, and Bata also paid attention to timeliness and accuracy when communicating information.	[17, 25]
Communication through employee representatives or a trade union body	Bata founded a trade union to take care of the social needs of employees. Once the union leaders started talking about a strike, he immediately dissolved the union and said that he would take care of the employees´ welfare himself, and he did so with an effective set strategy aimed at supporting CSR.	[2, 23, 17, 26]
Online meetings, webinars, video conferences	Obviously, Bata could not use online tools at the beginning of the last century, but it can be stated that he paid attention to the technical and organizational levels leading to work discipline, cooperation, efficiency, and economy.	[17, 25, 27]
Personal team meetings, working meetings, discussions	Fair and clear top-down communication was very important to Tomas Bata. Although he did not like resistance and was very reluctant to admit his mistakes and errors, he was always fair and direct. He required this also from his managers and directors.	[17, 25, 27]
Written communication, intended directly for employees	For internal (with employees) and external (with customers and the general public) communication, Bata made effectively and targeted use of newspapers and magazines.	[3, 18, 24]
Specialized evaluation and feedback process in SW	In the context of feedback control, Bata paid attention to regular feedback from management as well as feedback from his employees. He emphasized direct communication. The appraisal and feedback processes are dealt with by sophisticated software.	[18, 24]
Oral communication intended directly for employees	Oral communication was a priority in the Bata Management System. He emphasized face-to-face meetings and direct communication to eliminate information on the grapevine or misunderstanding of the meaning of the message being communicated.	[17, 25]

Source: own processing based on the sources mentioned