Table 2.
Midlife participants’ characteristics across quartiles of age acceleration for the midlife ARIC and Lehallier’s PACs; ARIC
| Age acceleration, years | midlife ARIC PAC | midlife Lehallier's PAC | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||
| Q1 (N=2,192) −14.0 to − 1.9 | Q2 (N=2,192) −1.8 to −0.2 | Q3 (N=2,192) −0.3 to +1.7 | Q4 (N=2,192) +1.8 to +24.2 | P-valuec | Q1 (N=2,192) −15.1 to −2.0 | Q2 (N=2,192) −1.9 to −0.2 | Q3 (N=2,192) −0.1 to +1.8 | Q4 (N=2,192) +1.9 to +26.5 | P-valuec | |
|
| ||||||||||
| Chronological age, years (SD) | 58.3 (5.8) | 57.9 (5.8) | 57.8 (5.7) | 58.3 (5.6) | 0.07 | 58.2 (5.8) | 58.1 (5.8) | 58.1 (5.6) | 58.1 (5.6) | 0.88 |
| Female, % | 55.6 | 51.6 | 55.4 | 55.8 | 0.01 | 53.2 | 53.2 | 55.5 | 56.5 | 0.06 |
| White, % | 72.8 | 75.7 | 75.2 | 67.9 | <0.0001 | 69.8 | 75.6 | 74.2 | 72.2 | <0.0001 |
| Education, % | ||||||||||
| Less than high school | 21.8 | 21.8 | 22.9 | 30.0 | 22.0 | 22.9 | 24.9 | 26.6 | ||
| High school/vocational | 41.1 | 40.9 | 43.2 | 40.6 | <0.0001 | 39.8 | 42.4 | 40.9 | 42.6 | <0.0001 |
| College | 37.1 | 37.4 | 33.9 | 29.3 | 38.2 | 34.6 | 34.1 | 30.7 | ||
| BMI, kg/m2 (SD) | 28.2 (5.1) | 28.3 (5.1) | 28.3 (5.6) | 28.6 (6.3) | 0.13 | 28.5 (5.3) | 28.4 (5.4) | 28.2 (5.5) | 28.4 (5.9) | 0.58 |
| Smoking status, % | ||||||||||
| Current smoker | 22.3 | 23.2 | 22.4 | 24.2 | 21.6 | 23.3 | 23.6 | 23.4 | ||
| Former smoker | 36.6 | 38.4 | 39.1 | 39.6 | 0.06 | 36.8 | 38.3 | 38.5 | 39.9 | 0.05 |
| Never smoker | 41.1 | 38.4 | 38.6 | 36.2 | 41.5 | 38.4 | 37.8 | 36.5 | ||
| Pack-years of smoking among ever smokers, pack-years (SD) | 28.5 (22.8) | 30.4 (23.4) | 29.9 (22.0) | 32.5 (24.1) | 0.0003 | 28.4 (22.3) | 29.5 (23.1) | 30.3 (23.0) | 32.9 (23.7) | <0.0001 |
| Alcohol intake, % | ||||||||||
| Current drinker | 57.4 | 58.2 | 54.9 | 48.3 | 54.8 | 56.8 | 55.9 | 51.2 | ||
| Former drinker | 21.6 | 20.9 | 20.8 | 26.5 | <0.0001 | 22.7 | 20.4 | 21.2 | 25.3 | 0.002 |
| Never drinker | 20.9 | 20.9 | 24.3 | 25.2 | 22.5 | 22.6 | 22.7 | 23.5 | ||
| Physical activitya, scores (SD) | 2.48 (0.8) | 2.45 (0.8) | 2.42 (0.8) | 2.33 (0.8) | <0.0001 | 2.46 (0.8) | 2.44 (0.8) | 2.41 (0.8) | 2.38 (0.8) | 0.03 |
| Aspirin use in the preceding two weeks, % | 51.1 | 51.2 | 54.5 | 52.7 | 0.07 | 48.7 | 53.1 | 52.4 | 55.3 | 0.0002 |
| Ever user of hormone replacement therapy (females only), % | 50.2 | 47.0 | 41.2 | 36.3 | <0.0001 | 48.8 | 45.9 | 42.7 | 37.3 | <0.0001 |
| Diabetesb, % | 15.1 | 16.9 | 20.1 | 29.2 | <0.0001 | 17.0 | 16.4 | 20.2 | 27.8 | <0.0001 |
| Hypertensionb, % | 42.6 | 46.2 | 49.4 | 55.8 | <0.0001 | 44.9 | 48.4 | 47.4 | 53.4 | <0.0001 |
| CVDb, % | 11.8 | 13.9 | 16.4 | 21.5 | <0.0001 | 11.8 | 13.7 | 15.6 | 22.8 | <0.0001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 (SD) | 98.0 (11.1) | 97.3 (12.6) | 96.3 (13.3) | 90.9 (19.6) | <0.0001 | 97.3 (12.1) | 97.2 (12.5) | 95.8 (14.1) | 92.3 (19.2) | <0.0001 |
Abbreviations: PAC - proteomic aging clock; SD - standard deviation; BMI - body mass index; CVD - cardiovascular disease; eGFR - estimated glomerular filtration rate.
a
Physical activity at Visit 1 was assessed using a leisure-time sprots index that ranged from 1 to 5. We assumed physcial activity scores remained the same at Vist 1 and Visit 2. We reported physical activity scores with two decimal places to illustrate the trend more effectively.
b
All diseases were prevalent diseases.
c
P-values were calculated using chi-square tests for categorical variables and using ANOVA tests for continuous variables.