Table 3.
Lipid abnormalities in association with the study population characteristics.
| Variable (reference group) | Category | Hypertriglyceridemia | Hypercholesterolemia | High LDL-C | Low HDL-C | Dyslipidemia | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | ||
| Sex (female) | Male | 1.39 (1.28,1.52) | 1.38 (1.26,1.51) | 0.78 (0.70,0.87) | 0.77 (0.69,0.86) | 0.88 (0.78,0.99) | 0.87 (0.77,0.98) | 0.61 (0.56,0.67) | 0.62 (0.56,0.68) | 0.588 (0.52,0.64) | 0.56 (0.50,0.63) |
| Age (25–39 y) | 40–54 | 1.55 (1.39,1.73) | 1.56 (1.40,1.74) | 2.37 (2.06,2.71) | 2.34 (2.03,2.70) | 2.17 (1.85,2.55) | 2.13 (1.80,2.51) | 0.94 (0.85,1.05) | 0.95 (0.85,1.06) | 1.36 (1.20,1.54) | 1.37 (1.21,1.56) |
| 55–64 | 1.67 (1.47,1.90) | 1.64 (1.44,1.87) | 2.95 (2.54,3.44) | 2.94 (2.51,3.45) | 2.77 (2.32,3.30) | 2.75 (2.29,3.30) | 0.77 (0.68,0.88) | 0.78 (0.69,0.89) | 1.48 (1.27,1.74) | 1.51 (1.28,1.78) | |
| > 65 | 1.29 (1.11,1.50) | 1.28 (1.10,1.49) | 2.29 (1.90,2.75) | 2.31 (1.91,2.81) | 2.34 (1.89,2.91) | 2.34 (1.87,2.93) | 0.69 (0.60,0.79) | 0.71 (0.62,0.82) | 1.30 (1.13,1.56) | 1.38 (1.17,1.63) | |
| Area (rural) | Urban | 1.21 (1.11,1.32) | 1.21 (1.10,1.32) | 0.99 (0.90,1.09) | 0.97 (0.87,1.085) | 0.92 (0.83,1.03) | 0.89 (0.78,1.01) | 1.08 (0.99,1.174) | 1.13 (1.03,1.24) | 1.16 (1.05,1.28) | 1.14 (1.02,1.27) |
| Wealth index (poor) | 2nd quintile | 1.18 (1.02,1.36) | 1.17 (1.02,1.35) | 0.841 (0.71,1.00) | 0.84 (0.71,0.99) | 0.83 (0.68,1.01) | 0.83 (0.69,1.01) | 1.05 (0.91,1.20) | 1.03 (0.89,1.19) | 1.08 (0.92,1.28) | 1.08 (0.91,1.28) |
| Middle | 1.17 (1.02,1.33) | 1.13 (0.99,1.29) | 0.89 (0.75,1.05) | 0.91 (0.77,1.08) | 0.91 (0.75,1.10) | 0.94 (0.77,1.14) | 1.02 (0.89,1.16) | 1.02 (0.89,1.16) | 1.02 (0.87,1.18) | 1.06 (0.91,1.24) | |
| 4th quintile | 1.20 (1.05,1.37) | 1.17 (1.02,1.33) | 1.00 (0.85,1.18) | 1.04 (0.88,1.23) | 0.92 (0.76,1.12) | 0.96 (0.79,1.16) | 0.97 (0.84,1.11) | 0.96 (0.84,1.11) | 1.02 (0.86,1.20) | 1.06 (0.9,1.26) | |
| Rich | 1.21 (1.04,1.41) | 1.16 (0.99,1.35) | 1.00 (0.83,1.21) | 1.03 (0.86,1.24) | 1.06 (0.86,1.32) | 1.10 (0.89,1.36) | 0.96 (0.83,1.12) | 0.96 (0.83,1.12) | 1.09 (0.92,1.30) | 1.15 (0.96,1.37) | |
| BMI category (underweight) | Normal weight | 5.75 (3.88,8.53) | 5.44 (3.63,8.15) | 2.19 (1.53,3.13) | 2.06 (1.43,2.96) | 1.75 (1.19,2.56) | 1.69 (1.14,2.51) | 2.13 (1.67,2.71) | 2.28 (1.75,2.96) | 2.53 (1.99,3.22) | 2.54 (1.98,3.26) |
| Overweight | 10.97 (7.42,16.21) | 10.64 (7.11,15.93) | 3.08 (2.17,4.39) | 2.63 (1.83,3.76) | 2.17 (1.49,3.16) | 1.94 (1.32,2.87) | 3.95 (3.11,5.03) | 4.30 (3.29,5.61) | 5.93 (4.64,7.58) | 5.73 (4.42,7.42) | |
| Obese | 15.68 (10.58,23.22) | 16.37 (10.88,24.63) | 3.27 (2.29,4.68) | 2.51 (1.73,3.63) | 2.20 (1.50,3.22) | 1.81 (1.20,2.72) | 5.05 (3.94,6.46) | 5.32 (4.05,7.001) | 7.91 (6.10,10.25) | 7.02 (5.34,9.22) | |
| Fruit and vegetable consumption (inappropriate) | appropriate | 1.04 (0.89,1.23) | 1.02 (0.86,1.22) | 0.99 (0.81,1.21) | 0.92 (0.75,1.14) | 1.03 (0.82,1.29) | 0.97 (0.77,1.22) | 1.12 (0.94,1.33) | 1.08 (0.89,1.30) | 1.22 (1.00,1.50) | 1.18 (0.95,1.47) |
| Physical activity (appropriate) | Inappropriate | 1.07 (0.98,1.18) | 1.15 (1.04,1.26) | 1.06 (0.95,1.19) | 0.99 (0.88,1.11) | 1.06 (0.94,1.20) | 1.00 (0.88,1.14) | 1.19 (1.08,1.30) | 1.13 (1.03,1.25) | 1.29 (1.16,1.44) | 1.19 (1.06,1.33) |
| Smoking (no) | Yes | 1.32 (1.16,1.50) | 1.19 (1.04,1.37) | 0.81 (0.69,0.95) | 0.93 (0.78,1.09) | 0.90 (0.76,1.07) | 0.98 (0.82,1.18) | 1.04 (0.91,1.17) | 1.27 (1.11,1.45) | 0.88 (0.77,1.01) | 1.14 (0.98,1.33) |
| Diabetes (no) | Yes | 2.48 (2.20,2.81) | 2.39 (2.09,2.73) | 1.06 (0.92,1.22) | 0.78 (0.67,0.92) | 0.84 (0.72,0.99) | 0.61 (0.51,0.73) | 1.65 (1.44,1.89) | 1.90 (1.63,2.20) | 2.86 (2.30,3.55) | 2.69 (2.14,3.38) |
| Hypertension (no) | Yes | 1.75 (1.60,1.92) | 1.84 (1.65,2.04) | 1.45 (1.30,1.61) | 1.08 (0.95,1.23) | 1.35 (1.20,1.53) | 1.00 (0.86,1.16) | 1.28 (1.16,1.40) | 1.57 (1.40,1.74) | 1.91 (1.70,2.15) | 1.91 (1.67,2.18) |
| History of coronary heart disease (no) | Yes | 1.18 (1.01,1.39) | 1.05 (0.88,1.25) | 0.74 (0.61,0.91) | 0.56 (0.45,0.70) | 0.71 (0.56,0.88) | 0.52 (0.41,0.66) | 1.25 (1.05,1.48) | 1.58 (1.31,1.91) | 1.59 (1.26,1.99) | 1.61 (1.26,2.06) |
| History of stroke (no) | Yes | 1.03 (0.74,1.43) | 0.91 (0.64,1.28) | 1.07 (0.71,1.62) | 0.89 (0.58,1.39) | 1.05 (0.68,1.63) | 0.86 (0.54,1.36) | 1.00 (0.70,1.39) | 1.19 (0.84,1.70) | 1.48 (0.91,2.40) | 1.43 (0.87,2.34) |
| Familial history of CVD (no) | Yes | 1.26 (1.11,1.43) | 1.26 (1.11,1.44) | 1.11 (0.95,1.29) | 1.06 (0.90,1.24) | 1.10 (0.92,1.30) | 1.06 (0.88,1.26) | 1.23 (1.08,1.40) | 1.18 (1.03,1.36) | 1.29 (1.10,1.52) | 1.20 (1.01,1.42) |
Adjusted for sex, age, and wealth index.