Table 1.
Baseline Demographics for the identified Screen Media Activity (SMA) patterns in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD)
| Higher-frequency SMA patterna | Lower-frequency SMA patterna | Nb | t/χ2 | p | effect sizec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | subgroup 1 N=3151 (26.67%) |
subgroup 2 N=8664 (73.33%) |
||||
| Age (months) | 119.16 ± 7.47 | 118.92 ± 7.5 | 11815 | −1.55 | 0.12 | −0.03 |
| Gender | 11815 | 305.09 | <0.001 | 0.16 | ||
| girls | 1089 (34.56%) | 4567 (52.71%) | ||||
| boys | 2062 (65.44%) | 4097 (47.29%) | ||||
| Handedness | 11815 | 6.99 | 0.03 | 0.02 | ||
| Right | 2452 (77.82%) | 6929 (79.97%) | ||||
| Left | 236 (7.49%) | 609 (7.03%) | ||||
| Mixed | 463 (14.69%) | 1126 (13.00%) | ||||
| Relationship in family | 11815 | 20.39 | <0.001 | 0.04 | ||
| single | 2196 (69.69%) | 5659 (65.32%) | ||||
| sibling | 424 (13.46%) | 1376 (15.88%) | ||||
| twin/triplet | 531 (16.85%) | 1629 (18.80%) | ||||
| Youth’s Education Leveld | 11814 | 0.93 | 0.35 | 0.02 | ||
| Race | 11694 | 605.03 | <0.001 | 0.23 | ||
| White | 1601 (51.30%) | 5886 (68.66%) | ||||
| Black | 909 (29.13%) | 953 (11.12%) | ||||
| Asian | 33 (1.06%) | 240 (2.80%) | ||||
| Mixed/other | 578 (18.52%) | 1494 (17.43%) | ||||
| Ethnicity | 11815 | 5.29 | 0.02 | −0.02 | ||
| Hispanic | 681 (21.61%) | 1706 (19.69%) | ||||
| Non-Hispanic | 2470 (78.39%) | 6958 (80.31%) | ||||
| Parents’ Marital Status | 11723 | 371.69 | <0.001 | −0.18 | ||
| Single | 1223 (39.31%) | 1857 (21.56%) | ||||
| Married or living with partner | 1888 (60.69%) | 6755 (78.44%) | ||||
| Parents’ Highest Education | 11801 | 375.35 | <0.001 | −0.18 | ||
| high school or less | 1268 (40.36%) | 1940 (22.40%) | ||||
| college education | 1874 (59.64%) | 6719 (77.60%) | ||||
| Parents’ Employment Status | 10871 | 429.11 | <0.001 | 0.20 | ||
| Married, 2 in LFe | 1077 (37.80%) | 4272 (53.25%) | ||||
| Married, 1 in LFe | 476 (16.71%) | 1739 (21.68%) | ||||
| Married, 0 in LFe | 81 (2.84%) | 170 (2.12%) | ||||
| Single, in LFe | 794 (27.87%) | 1277 (15.92%) | ||||
| Single, Not in LFe | 421 (14.78%) | 564 (7.03%) | ||||
| Family Sized | 11542 | 5.06 | <0.001 | 0.11 | ||
| Household Structure | 11734 | 43.06 | <0.001 | 0.06 | ||
| Single household | 2666 (85.59%) | 7750 (89.92%) | ||||
| Another household | 449 (14.41%) | 869 (10.08%) | ||||
| Country of Birth | 11630 | 0.26 | 0.61 | −0.004 | ||
| Other | 50 (1.61%) | 126 (1.48%) | ||||
| USA | 3057 (98.39%) | 8397 (98.52%) | ||||
| Family Incomed | 10803 | 25.25 | <0.001 | 0.55 |
a
mean(SD) for continuous variables, No. (Percentage) for categorical variables.
b
the number of individuals with available data, may not be equal to 11817 due to missing data. The denominator of percentages for categories is their corresponding N.
c
Hedges’ g for continuous variables (two sample t-test), Cramer’s V or Cramer’s phi for categorical variables (chi-square test).
d
These variables were rank-coded to ordinal continuous variables, see details in Supplement 2, available online.
e
LF: labor force.