Table 2.

Association between serum 25(OH)D3 and periodontal disease

Serum 25(OH)D3	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Q1	Reference	Reference	Reference
Q2, OR (95% CI)	0.78 (0.68–0.89)*	0.81 (0.69–0.94)*	0.8 (0.67–0.96)*
Q3, OR (95% CI)	0.76 (0.68–0.86)*	0.83 (0.71–0.96)*	0.84 (0.71–0.99)*
Q4, OR (95% CI)	0.63 (0.55–0.72)*	0.73 (0.62–0.87)*	0.74 (0.6–0.92)*
P for trend	<.05	<.05	<.05

^⁎P < .05, model 1 = no adjust. Model 2 = as model 1 plus adjusted for sex, age (years, continuous), education (less than high school, high school graduate, some college and above), race (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Mexican American, other), self-reported alcohol status (yes and no) and self-reported smoking status (yes and no), and PIR. Model 3 = model 2 plus adjusted for body mass index, self-reported hypertension (yes and no), and self-reported diabetes (yes and no). The OR (95% CI) of reference is 1.

PIR, ratio of family income to poverty.