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. 2023 Aug 15;13(4):173–181.

Table 3.

Foremost patient preexisting conditions

Total Montana Patients Race


Urban (RUCC ≤3; n=80) Rural (RUCC ≥4; n=97) p Value White (n=116) American Indian/Alaskan Native (n=50) p Value
Preexisting Conditions
    All Diabetes, n (%) 26 (32.5%) 51 (52.6%) 0.0073 48 (41.4%) 28 (56.0%) 0.0828
    Hypertension, n (%) 40 (50.0%) 48 (49.5%) 0.9456 64 (55.2%) 22 (44.0%) 0.1863
    Anemia, n (%) 11 (13.8%) 21 (21.7%) 0.1741 18 (15.5%) 12 (24.0%) 0.1925
    Thyroid, n (%) 12 (15.0%) 19 (19.6%) 0.4242 21 (18.1%) 9 (18.0%) 0.9873
    All Kidney, n (%) 15 (18.8%) 22 (22.7%) 0.5222 22 (19.0%) 15 (30.0%) 0.1171
    Obesity, n (%) 13 (16.3%) 23 (23.7%) 0.2197 26 (22.4%) 9 (18.0%) 0.5224

All Diabetes includes Diabetes, Type I, Type II, and Diabetes Mellitus.

All Kidney includes chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury, acute kidney failure, chronic kidney failure.

Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC; characterizing counties by population size). Bolded text p values <0.05 were considered significant.