Table 3.

Permutation plots summarizing the findings of economic evaluations for interventions versus comparators. Numbers in the cells are number of studies relevant to each permutation.

Incremental costs	Incremental quality-adjusted life years
	+a	0b	–c
+	1 (Kidholm et al [33])	0	0
0	0	0	0
–	7 (Frederix et al [24], Frederix et al [25], Haesum et al [26], Longacre et al [27], Fatoye et al [29], Hwang et al [32], and Kraal et al [34])	2 (Kloek et al [28] and Maddison et al [30])	1 (Nelson et al [31])

^aBetter health outcomes and higher costs.

^bUnchanged health outcomes and unchanged costs.

^cPoorer health outcomes and lower costs.