Table 3.

Pattern matrix of the principal component analysis showing the 3 inferred factors for the attitude scale.

Component	Factor 1 (Perceived risk)	Factor 2 (Technology/social influence)	Factor 3 (Anxiety)
1. I am concerned about the reliability of the information provided by ChatGPTa.	0.743	<0.400	<0.400
2. I am concerned that using ChatGPT would get me accused of plagiarisma.	0.873	<0.400	<0.400
3. I am afraid of relying too much on ChatGPT and not developing my critical thinking skillsa.	<0.400	<0.400	0.839
4. I am concerned about the potential security risks of using ChatGPTa	0.652	<0.400	<0.400
5. I am afraid of becoming too dependent on technology like ChatGPTa.	<0.400	<0.400	0.869
6. I am afraid that using ChatGPT would result in a lack of originality in my university assignments and dutiesa.	<0.400	<0.400	0.732
7. I am afraid that the use of the ChatGPT would be a violation of academic and university policiesa.	0.807	<0.400	<0.400
8. I am concerned about the potential privacy risks that might be associated with using ChatGPTa.	0.695	<0.400	<0.400
9. I am enthusiastic about using technology such as ChatGPT for learning and research.	<0.400	0.828	<0.400
10. I believe technology such as ChatGPT is an important tool for academic success.	<0.400	0.837	<0.400
11. I think that technology like ChatGPT is attractive and fun to use.	<0.400	0.868	<0.400
12. I am always keen to learn about new technologies like ChatGPT.	<0.400	0.775	<0.400
13. I trust the opinions of my friends or colleagues about using ChatGPT.	<0.400	0.717	<0.400

^aItems were reversed coded.