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. 2021 Jun 16;1:4. doi: 10.1186/s43897-021-00008-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Relationship between tonoplast proton pumps and vesicular trafficking of PIN1 protein. The polar localization of PIN1 protein depends on the vacuolar transport system. The basal-side transport of non-phosphorylated PIN1 protein depends on GNOM, and phosphorylated PIN1 protein moves to the apical region of the membrane. In mutants lacking tonoplast proton pumps, transport of PIN1 to the basal side is inhibited, demonstrating that the tonoplast proton pump affects the vesicular trafficking of PIN1, thereby influencing the polar transport of auxin