Table I.
Breakdown of demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes of patients with anaphylaxis according to different etiologies
| Characteristic | All (N = 131) | Food (n = 83) | Drug (n = 28) | Other∗ (n = 20) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex, no. (%) | 57 (43.5) | 41 (49.4) | 9 (32.1) | 7 (35.0) |
| Age (y), median (range) | 48 (20-86) | 44 (20-86) | 55 (20-83) | 48 (22-76) |
| Age at first episode (y), median (range) | 42 (1-81) | 35 (1-80) | 51 (18-81) | 45 (12-74) |
| Delay in diagnosis (y), median (range) | 2 (0-30) | 3 (0-26) | 1 (0-30) | 1 (0-16) |
| Smoker, no. (%) | 15 (11.5) | 8 (9.6) | 5 (17.9) | 2 (10.0) |
| History of chronic urticaria, no. (%) | 38 (29.0) | 26 (31.3) | 5 (17.9) | 7 (35.0) |
| Hypertension, no. (%) | 20 (15.3) | 10 (12.0) | 6 (21.4) | 4 (20.0) |
| Asthma and/or COPD, no. (%) | 18 (13.7) | 16 (19.3) | 1 (3.6) | 1 (5.0) |
| Clinical presentation, no. (%) | ||||
| Mucocutaneous | 125 (95.4) | 81 (97.6) | 25 (89.3) | 19 (95.0) |
| Cardiovascular | 101 (77.1) | 63 (75.9) | 22 (78.6) | 16 (80.0) |
| Respiratory | 73 (55.7) | 47 (56.6) | 16 (57.1) | 10 (50.0) |
| Gastrointestinal | 24 (18.3) | 14 (16.9) | 4 (14.3) | 6 (30.0) |
| WAO systemic allergic reaction grade, no. (%)† | ||||
| Grade 3 | 22 (16.8) | 13 (15.7) | 5 (17.9) | 4 (20.0) |
| Grade 4 | 2 (1.5) | 2 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Grade 5 | 107 (81.7) | 68 (81.9) | 23 (82.1) | 16 (80.0) |
| Acute management, no. (%) | ||||
| Paired tryptase sample taken | 47 (35.9) | 24 (28.9) | 16 (57.1) | 7 (35.0) |
| Significant rise | 37/47 (78.7) | 19/24 (79.2) | 14/16 (87.5) | 4/7 (57.1) |
| Adrenaline administered | 74 (56.5) | 45 (54.2) | 15 (53.6) | 14 (70.0) |
| Discharged with AAI | 62 (47.3) | 47 (56.6) | 2 (7.1) | 13 (65.0) |
| After allergist review | ||||
| AAI prescribed, no. (%) | 102 (77.9) | 83 (100.0) | 1 (3.6) | 18 (90.0) |
| Recurrence, no. (%) | 9 (6.9) | 7 (8.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (10.0) |
| Adrenaline administered, no. (%) | 5 (3.8) | 4 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.0) |
| Follow-up duration (y), median (range) | 1.55 (0.20-5.69) | 1.83 (0.20-5.69) | 1.20 (0.28-3.81) | 1.28 (0.45-4.23) |
COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; WAO, World Allergy Organization.
∗
Other: idiopathic (n = 13), venom (n = 4), exercise-induced anaphylaxis (n = 2), and hamster (n = 1).
†
In this classification, anaphylaxis includes only grade 3 to grade 5 reactions.