Table 1.
Weighted Sample Characteristics, Stratified by Smoking Status and Change in Smoking Early in the Pandemic (N = 3166)
| Nonsmoker (n = 2280), % | Smoker (n = 886), % | p | Smoked the same or less (n = 461), % | Smoked more (n = 423), % | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||||
| 18–44 | 42.5 | 50.4 | <0.001 | 42.0 | 47.7 | 0.462 |
| 45–64 | 31.4 | 37.4 | 34.2 | 31.6 | ||
| 65+ | 26.0 | 12.2 | 23.8 | 20.8 | ||
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 63.8 | 69.6 | 0.006 | 65.5 | 68.3 | 0.159 |
| Hispanic | 13.6 | 14.3 | 19.2 | 13.0 | ||
| Black | 11.8 | 7.4 | 8.2 | 7.8 | ||
| Asian | 6.1 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 7.5 | ||
| Other | 4.8 | 4.8 | 3.2 | 3.4 | ||
| Education | ||||||
| Greater than high school | 66.3 | 53.1 | <0.001 | 58.1 | 68.2 | 0.018 |
| High school or less | 33.7 | 47.0 | 41.9 | 31.8 | ||
| Partnership status | ||||||
| Married | 62.7 | 59.7 | 0.176 | 54.1 | 64.4 | 0.026 |
| Unmarried/single | 37.3 | 40.3 | 45.9 | 35.6 | ||
| Income | ||||||
| Less than 25,000/year | 16.2 | 29.2 | <0.001 | 19.9 | 19.3 | 0.796 |
| Between 25,000 and 49,999/year | 20.6 | 23.3 | 21.7 | 20.8 | ||
| Between 50,000 and 99,999/year | 30.4 | 28.8 | 28.4 | 31.9 | ||
| More than 100,000/year | 32.8 | 18.7 | 30.0 | 28.1 | ||
| Employment | ||||||
| Employed | 46.2 | 50.1 | 0.049 | 46.9 | 56.9 | 0.030 |
| Unemployed | 6.8 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 4.8 | ||
| Unemployed by choice or unable to work | 47.2 | 42.0 | 45.1 | 38.4 | ||
| Household composition | ||||||
| Self | 15.4 | 15.9 | <0.001 | 21.3 | 13.4 | 0.030 |
| Self +1 other | 36.5 | 28.4 | 31.3 | 28.5 | ||
| Self +2 or more | 48.1 | 55.8 | 47.4 | 58.1 | ||
| No. of children living at home | ||||||
| None | 64.3 | 52.2 | <0.001 | 63.8 | 48.2 | 0.003 |
| 1 child | 15.7 | 22.4 | 16.5 | 24.8 | ||
| 2 or more children | 20.1 | 25.4 | 19.7 | 27.0 | ||
| Self-rated mental health | ||||||
| Excellent or very good | 53.0 | 44.8 | <0.001 | 56.9 | 40.7 | 0.001 |
| Good | 30.4 | 29.1 | 24.8 | 30.4 | ||
| Fair or poor | 16.6 | 26.1 | 18.3 | 28.9 | ||
| Self-rated overall health | ||||||
| Excellent or very good | 47.0 | 33.1 | <0.001 | 39.5 | 30.7 | 0.067 |
| Good | 36.4 | 39.9 | 38.4 | 38.8 | ||
| Fair or poor | 16.7 | 27.0 | 22.1 | 30.5 | ||
| No. of comorbidities | ||||||
| 0 | 57.3 | 43.7 | <0.001 | 49.2 | 35.2 | <0.001 |
| 1 | 27.9 | 33.6 | 35.0 | 33.2 | ||
| 2 | 9.0 | 14.2 | 11.5 | 18.6 | ||
| 3 or more | 5.8 | 8.6 | 4.3 | 13.0 | ||
| Anxiety | ||||||
| None or mild | 75.1 | 61.0 | <0.001 | 75.1 | 50.3 | <0.001 |
| Moderate or severe | 24.7 | 39.0 | 24.9 | 49.8 | ||
| Depression | ||||||
| None or mild | 74.8 | 58.6 | <0.001 | 70.7 | 47.6 | <0.001 |
| Moderate or severe | 25.2 | 41.4 | 29.3 | 52.4 | ||
| Traumatic stress | ||||||
| None or mild | 84.5 | 77.2 | <0.001 | 76.5 | 74.0 | 0.533 |
| Moderate or severe | 15.5 | 22.8 | 23.5 | 26.0 | ||
Calibration weights were utilized and were generated based on the following variables: age group, race, education, income, and region.